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Li BRA R"' OFCONGRESS.1 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 



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VALHALLA 



THE 



MYTHS OF NORSELAND 



3 ^rtoiaj in ^lueiue parte 



BY 



JULIA CLINTON JONES 



Faded the Twilight of the gods 

Thro' the wild lands of the North 

From phoenix-fire a God far higher, 
Our Christ-Child cometh forth. 



/ 



V 



SAN FRANCISCO 

PRINTED BY EDWARD BOSQUI «& CO. 

1878. 



t 






COPVRICxHTED, 1878. 

BY JULIA CLINTON JONKS. 

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 



To THE MEMORY OF 

MY Grandfather, DE WITT CLINTON, 

FORMER GOVERNOR OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, 
AND TO THAT OF 

My Mother, Mrs. DAVID S. JONES 

THIS VOLUME IS DEDICATED 

AS AN OFFERING OF 

REVERENCE AND OF LOVE, 

BY 

THE AUTHOR. 



TO THE READER. 

To avoid a multiplicity of foot notes, an appendix has been 
prepared, which will be found at end of book, to which the 
reader is referred for all allusions and proper names. 




CONTENTS, 



Casting out of Loki's Brood, 

Creation, 

Dedication, 

Einheriar's Song, 

Hermodur's Visit to Hela, 

Index to Notes, 

King .^gir's Feast, 

Loki, the Mischief Maker, 

Loki's Punishment, 

Mimir's Well, - 

Odin's Visit to the Vala, - 

Preface, - - - 

Ragnarock, 

Regeneration, - - - 

Thor and the Daughters of v^gir, 

Valhalla, 



70 
23 
3 
39 
95 

100 

48 

109 

59 

88 

7 
T18 

81 
29 



PREFACE 




I HAT a curious fact it is, that among us, 
English-speaking people, scholarly in- 
vestigation has clung rather to the 
classic lore and mythology of Greece 
and Rome, than to the less classic, but far purer 
and truer religion of the North. 

It is much to be deplored that so slight a knowl- 
edge of Scandinavian Mythology prevails, popularly, 
with those who boast descent from Hengist and 
Horsa, and whose pride it is that in their veins 
flows the blood that long ago thrilled through the 
bold hearts of the Vikings, descendants of the old 
Norse-Gods. 



8 PREFACE. 

While still Thor and Odin, Tyr and Freya give 
names to our week-days; — while still many finger- 
posts of language and legend, custom and super- 
stition, point us back to the times of Skald and 
Saga, w^hen our ancestors sang their runic rhymes 
in groves of oak around the sacrificial stone, and 
w^orshiped Nature's forces; — here, among us, 
sprung chiefly of Teutonic races, but little is know^n 
of their lore and religion. 

That this mythology luas the religion of our fore- 
fathers, should be an incentive to our careful study 
of it, casting aside the additional fact of its own 
interest, grandeur, and beauty. 

The very foundations of the Gothic faith lay in 
principles of temperance, freedom, and chastity; 
bravery and justice were its key-stones; through 
valiant deeds alone could Valhalla, their Heaven, 
be w^on by its votaries. What w^onder then, im- 
bued with such doctrines, the part these Norsemen 
played in early European history,— the mighty turn 
they gave to the broad current of civilization. 

Fired by threat of subjugation, roused by 
the advancing strides of conquering Caesar, they 
rushed like an avalanche from their snow-capped 



PREFACE. 



fastnesses, to fall upon Rome, and wrest away her 
servile dependencies, — to teach unto men the grand 
doctrines of freedom and moral obligations; — then, 
as Goth and Teuton, Frank and Saxon, to form 
new states, with liberty as the basis of their laws, 
and toleration and justice their crowning glory. 

They found Rome weakened by conquest, and 
enervated by luxury; one by one they forced her 
conquests from her, plunging Europe into a state 
of semi-barbarism, only to raise her up at last, 
through their stronger northern natures, and purer 
institutions to a higher degree of enlightenment; 
infusing through her weakened frame, their own 
bold blood, thus giving her fresh strength and 
vitality. 

But, after all, when Goth and Teuton, Frank and 
Saxon, had trampled upon principalities in their 
resistless course, — when they had established those 
dynasties whose successors to-day hold the reins 
of power, — it needed the defiant daring, the in- 
domitable spirit of the Norsemen to counteract the 
more phlegmatic natures of their southern kinsmen. 

Instigated as they were by the teachings of their 
^sir-faith, — animated by the example of their 



lO PREFACE. 

hero-gods, — inspired by mythical prophecy, — what 
wonder that we find them carrying out these teach- 
ings and prophecies, undaunted by danger or the 
fear of death. 

The broad Atlantic proved no bar to their pro- 
gress, and the first European who trod American 
soil was a Norseman. 

Alps nor Pyrenees raised a barrier to their head- 
long course. Savage as they were in those early 
days, rude and ferocious, although brave and gen- 
erous, they were a terror to the more polished 
inhabitants of the luxurious provinces of the South. 

Italy quailed before these long-beards; Greece 
trembled as they advanced, chanting the runes of 
the North. 

Up to the very gates of Jerusalem they pressed; 
nor were they unknown on the coasts of Africa. 
Their footsteps echoed through the streets of Con- 
stantinople; while the white sails of their ships 
wafted them over the blue waves of the Mediterra- 
nean, anchoring off the conquered coasts of Apulia 
and Sicily. 

Until, at last, their very name became a threat, 
and from church and town went up the prayer, em- 



PREFACE. 1 1 

bodied in one of the Litanies of the day, ^^From 
the fury of the Northmen, good Lord, dehver us !" 

Planting wherever they trod, the germs of a 
glorious freedom, they were the revolutionists of 
that age, and all succeeding ages owe them a lasting 
debt of gratitude for the noble harvest that has 
sprung up from the seeds of liberty and truth by 
them sown. 

To their scorn of luxurious feebleness, — to their 
unswerving love of temperance and morality, do 
we to-day owe that which has led us on from height 
to height, — the principles which have placed Eng- 
land in the foremost rank of the nations, and which 
are blazoned forth on the glorious flag of her 
daughter, our own United States. 

Not from conquered Britain, or enslaving Rome, 
then, came the leaders who roused England to 
deeds of greatness and glory,— but from the frozen 
fens and rugged shores of the far-off North, the 
sons of Thor and Odin rushed to sustain her falter 
ing van. 

The climate and face of a country unquestionably 
influence the physical peculiarities of its people, 
likewise that people's moral characteristics ; so 



12 PREFACE. 

Mythology, being a deification of natural phenom- 
ena, materially partakes of the nature of the climate 
and face of the country where it is nurtured and 
matured, — itself only a reflex of the mind of the 
people among whom it originates. 

Thus, the Southerner, in whose land nature revels 
in beauty, and whose clime woos to ease and luxury, 
became effeminate and sensuous; with him, then, 
religion was pleasure and self-indulgence. 

While, lost in the contemplation of the ice-bound 
peaks of his native land, — Creation's earliest land- 
marks, — the Norseman's hardy spirit was lifted up 
from earth to the thought of a higher existence ; 
thus did his nature become nobler and more aspiring 
through contact with his grander, bolder surround- 
ings, and so gave birth to a purer Mythology. Held 
fast in the arms of the great Mother, he counted 
each pulse-beat of her mighty heart, and imbibed 
renewed life and vigor from this close communion. 

Religion, with him, became a craving after a fuller 
hfe, one to which this world is but the threshold. 
The heaven of the Greek was on earth; his mind 
could soar no higher than Olympus ; Valhalla rested 
among the clouds, and the death-river Thund, 
flowed before its gates. 



PREFACE. 1^ 

In that dim Elder-Day, the untaught mind of the 
Norseman, not guided by the Hght of Science as 
ours now is, and hence unable to trace the intricate 
workings of the scheme of Nature, ascribed each 
part of the system, to the particular agency of some 
peculiar deity, and, as the forces w^ere friendly or 
unfriendly to him, he either w^orshiped them as 
gods, or dreaded them as Jotuns. To him, the 
roaring of the storm was the coming of angry Thor, 
the thunder of whose chariot wheels shakes the 
universe, while his eyes flash fierce lightnings. 

Fire, to him, was the demon Loki; whose evil 
nature breaks forth in the volcano; — who, in a wider 
sense, was Lucifer himself. 

While again, in Frost and Ice, he recognized 
giants, monstrous, and most terrible. 

In earth, he found Friga, the loving Mother, 
wedded to Odin, the Al-father, Lord of heavenly 
Asgard. The various changes of the seasons, w^ere 
set forth in mythic forms, and beautifully were 
the different duties and personaUties of the gods 
displayed. The Norseman looked forward to his 
Ragnarock with unquestioning faith, and hoped for 
a happy resurrection. He believed that through 



14 PRFFACK. 

destruction alone could come regeneration, — 
through death, a higher life. Bright-winged 
Valkyriar bore him to Valhalla after a hero-death, 
or the black Dragon, Nidhogg, dragged him down to 
Nastrond, if base or cowardly. So did he recognize 
Heaven and Hell. In so many respects did the 
Norse religion coincide mth the Bible dispensation, 
that its followers long resisted the introduction of 
Christianity ; it was only after the announcement 
that the old gods were dead that Christ was accepted 
with His mild and holy teachings. It is now, with 
great pleasure, that I place before the reader these 
few following fables from distant frozen lands, feeling 
assured that he will delight, even as I have done, 
in the poetry of their imagery, and in the grand 
truths that shine forth through their mythic lore. 
Concerning the signification which I have attached 
to these myths, I must state that other explanations 
are likewise given, that often they are rendered as 
natural and physical, rather than as spiritual allu- 
sions. Still, I love to think that the bold Vikings, 
those strong-souled heroes of Eld, went deeper into 
the grand scheme of Creation, and recognized the 
power of God working in the heart of Nature, in a 



PREFACE. 1 5 

fuller sense than in the mere Jotun force displayed 
in the earthquake shock, or tempest blast. In the 
analogies drawn below, I wish to show the very close 
similitude between what we are taught by the Church 
to regard as her peculiar doctrines, and the Mythol- 
ogy of the North, whose origin is involved in the 
obscurity of past ages. 

Let us accept these myths as glimmerings of that 
light which shines in perfect day for us. 

From the beginning was God, and in various 
forms, all men have acknowledged Him. 

Throughout these myths, the old Skalds and 
Sagas have striven to evolve the truth dimly shining 
before them. Throughout runs a double thread — 
as in the relation of Odin and Friga, Di\dnity acting 
upon earthly powers, — in the story of Baldur, the 
innocent Sun-God, and in the personifications of 
Loki's children, — a double thread, spiritual and 
physical. 

The Norsemen looked from Nature up to 
Nature's God, and seeing the various forms and 
changes of the great Mother, applied them to 
divinity, and thence to that lesser type of a sublimer 
being, — man, spiritually, and physically. 



1 6 PREFACE. 

And through all we may trace the creating and 
protecting Trinity of the Christian system; — the 
great frame-work of the religion of Christ with its 
final Judgment and Resurrection. 

\Miether the same with the Greek, and borrowed 
from it, or whether drawn from a pure Aryan foun- 
tain-head under Indian skies, still the seeds of truth 
are there. 



In the beginning was Muspel, Xiflheim, and 
Ginunga, — Fire, Darkness, and Chaos. 

Muspel and Niflheim. meeting in Ginunga, pro- 
duced the first formless Jotun matter, Ymir, — the 
world-mass. From Chaos then sprang gods, those 
Powers of Good, — creative and protective, — and, at 
the same rime came Jotuns, — Beings of 111, dis- 
turbing and deadly. 

In the beginning commenced the strife between 
Good and 111. 

The .Esir-Trinit}-,— Odin, Vili, and Ye.— de- 
stroyed the Frost-Giants, (destrucrive natural ele- 
ments) ; then, from Ymir created Earth, and formed 
Man, each in his own image. So DiWnit}' went 
forth in a three-fold form, and, the great work of 



PREFACE. 1 7 

Creation being complete, in Odin (the .-^oul of the 
Universe) were the Three blended. In Valhalla, 
the ^sir-Heaven, assembled the gods, — all personi- 
fications of divine or earthly powers. 

Thence they watched over Midgard (Earth). 
Their various adventures are but mythical repre- 
sentations of the strife between Light and Darkness, 
Spirit and Matter, Virtue and Vice; — Nature dis- 
turbed by natural causes of ill, and man's soul torn 
by lusts and evil passions. 

Among the ^Esir crept in the bad Loki. one with 
Odin at the first, under the form of Vih, spiritual 
fire; but, like Lucifer fallen from above, he de- 
scended on earth, and became an evil flame, cruel 
and devastating. 

While on earth, he was the parent of the Serpent, 
the Wolf, and Hela, — Sin, Pain, and Death, — whom 
the Gods strove to bind in the Abyss, but could 
only cast down for a time. They were born in the 
dragon's bed, and nourished on the dew of dwarfs, — 
personifications, each, of gold. 

So it was that the lust of riches was the nurse 
and promoter of ills and troubles in the world. 
Until Loki fell. Earth was as Eden. 



1 8 PREFACE. 

Loki and his brood were also the chief causes 
of physical disturbances, and their demon natures 
burst forth in the earthquake and volcano, the 
tempest and conflagration. 

Baldur, the Sun-God, was Innocence, — the Light 
of the world, quenched by Hoeder (blind, physical 
strength, — Ignorance), lured on by the tempter Loki 
(sin). Baldur being slain, his loving wife Nanna (the 
desire for all good things) was buried with him. 

Then was born Vali (Repentance), who was the 
swift avenger of his brother. 

Still, although Mother Earth (Friga) with all Cre- 
ation, except sinful Loki, mourned for Baldur, Hela 
held him fast. Innocence, once dead, could return 
no more until the Regeneration. 

Baldur is often the personification of the summer 
sun slain by the long dark winter of the North. 

Loki, imprisoned in the Abyss, left behind him 
numerous progeny, — ills and woes that should tor- 
ment the world, and continue the strife that would 
end only in the final destruction. 

Odin and Hela divided man between them. 

The spirit went forth from the ^sir-Trinity,^the 
body (the tree) sprang from the Jotun-World, — 



PREFACE. 19 

SO, from the beginning, Odin and Hela contended 
for dominion over humanity. Valkyriar (bright 
angels) led hero souls to Odin, to await the final 
battle when they should fight with him against the 
hosts of Hela, — those worthless and sin-stricken 
ones, brought to her by the dread Death-Dragon. 

For this World-Life struggle ended in one great 
conflict, in which opposing powers mutually de- 
stroyed each other, and involved the world itself in 
the general ruin. 

Igdrasil, the Life-Tree, withered in the flames, — 
for Time shall end at the Judgment-Day. 

As Loki was received in Asgard, so was Lucifer 
cherished in Heaven. 

As Loki descended on earth, and there brought 
forth the Serpent, the Wolf, and Hela, to be the 
tormentors of Midgard, so Lucifer fell from his high 
estate, and Sin, Pain, and Death, scourges of earth, 
are his offspring. 

Can we not, in Baldur, see an image, faint per- 
haps, of that pure One on whom, too, Innocence 
brooded like a dove, — the Christ slain by that 
Iscariot who purposed not His death, but blindly 
sold Him for the reward of betrayal? While who 



20 PREFACE. 

is Loki, but the temper Satan, who ever stands 
behind with e\'il counsel? 

Likewise, as Gabriel with flaming sword stands 
at the Gate of Heaven, so stood Heimdal at 
Asgard's portal; and as he, in dreadful Ragnarock, 
sounded the summons on great Gjallar-hom, — so 
shall Gabriel with his trump, call the quick and the 
dead to judgment. 

As Ragnarock came to the Norseman with its 
storms, and conflagrations, and strife, — when the 
chained Loki was loosed, — when ^tgir and Ran led 
out their bands of the Drowned to join with Hela's 
hosts against Odin and his hero-array ; — when Surtur 
cast forth his fire, and in the great World-Blaze all 
ended, and Igdrasil's self was consumed ; — e\ en so 
to MS comes our Day of Doom, when ''Satan shall 
be loosed out of his prison; when the sea shall 
give up her dead, and death and hell deliver up the 
dead that are in them ; when there shall be war in 
Heaven, and Michael and his angels shalT fight 
against the Dragon, whose angels shall fight with 
him; when the earth shall be consumed, and the 
heavens depart as a scroll when it is rolled together ; 
and when time shall be no more/' 



PREFACE. 2 1 

And last, these old myth s held orth the promise 
of a glorious regeneration, — new heavens, and a 
new earth, with a purer race of ^sir, and a golden- 
roofed Gimli. 

To us, likewise shall come a resurrection, when 
*^ former things are passed aw^ay," — when a new earth, 
and a new heaven shall be prepared for us also, — 
a new Jerusalem whose streets are pure gold. 

Then shall come to all, — Norseman and Christian 
alike, and to those who dwell in the uttermost parts 
of the earth, — the High and Mighty One, whose 
name no man dare utter, who existed from the 
beginning, — the creative spark of life from Muspel, — 
and He who said, ^'Let there be light;" the God of 
Gods, and Judge of all men, who shall call the good 
to His glorious golden Throne in highest Heaven, 
and cast the wicked below to the gloomy habitation 
of Hell, where the Dragon shall prey on them for- 
ever and ever, and where they shall dwell in tor_ 
ment. As by the flames of Surtur's sword did 
purification come to the yEsir-Creation ; — so, 
through fire alone shall Earth be purified, and 
Death be overcome. 

As fair Iduna alone had never touched Loki's 



22 



PREFACE. 



foul brood, so she alone passed unscathed through 
Surtur's flames. And so shall Immortality rise 
above Death, and stand forevermore in Heaven's 
eternal Gate. 




VALHALLA 



PART FIRST 



CREATION. 



N the dim morning-dawn of Time, 
E'er yet was made the green Earth fair, 
With Muspel bright, and dark Niflheim, 
Ginunga, still as windless air, — 
These three, — two Worlds of Fire and Night 
With the Abyss, — ruled in their might. 




Great Surtur, with his burning sword, 
Southward, at Muspel's gate kept ward, 
And flashes of celestial flame, 



24 VALHALLA. 

Life-giving, from the Fire-World came ; 
While in the North, in Niflheim dread, 
Dwelt' Nidhogg, Dragon of the Dead ; 
Death-dealing frosts and vapors rise 
From that black Mist-World, full of sighs. 
Between the two, Ginunga lay, 
A yawning chasm void of day. 
The salt rime-drops from Niflheim's streams. 
Quickened by Muspel's living beams, 
Met in Ginunga's gloomy space, 
And Ymir bore, of Jotun race. 
Who of himself Hrimthursar had, — 
Frost-Giants they, and Jotuns' bad. 

The Cow, Audhumla, having nursed 
The Jotun Ymir, licked the rime; 
Just wrath to wreak on the accursed, 
Then forth sprang Buri, the Divine. 
From Bor, his son, came ^sir three, 
Odin, and Vili, and great Ve, 
Who, slaying Ymir in fierce war, 
Drowned in his blood the Hrimthursar. 

Now was conceived the god-like plan ; — 
The Spirit, Light, and mighty Fire, 



CREATION. 25 

Those ^sir three, their task began, — 

Creation's wondrous work entire. 

From Asgard's Hill, their heavenly home, 

The sons of Bor triumphant come ! 

Into Ginunga, Ymir hurled; 

Out of his parts they formed the World ; 

His body. Earth; his blood, the Sea; 

Mountains, his bones ; each hair, a tree ; 

They of his skull created sky, 

Above the Earth fair arched high, 

Adorned with sparks from Muspel bright, — 

The Sun, and Moon, and stars of light; 

While, for defence 'gainst Jotun raid, 

A breast-work of his eye-brows made, 

And called it Midgard, and acrost 

From Asgard, threw the bridge Bifrost, — 

The Rainbow-bridge of colors three, — ■ 

That joined with Heaven, Earth might be. 

Around the Earth they caused to swell 

Deep seas upon whose utmost strand, 

J (''tuns escaped they gave to dwell 

In black and fearful nether land. 



VALHALLA. 

Of Jotun race sprang black-browed Night, 
Who unto bright-eyed Day gave birth ; 
Him ^isir placed in car of light 
Darkness to chase away from Earth; 
Hence Night and Day alternate course 
The heavens in circle-wise, perforce. 
Night rides before on dark Hrimfax, 
Who hoar-frost from his bridle shakes ; 
While, from Skinfaxi's mane so fair, 
Day scatters light o'er earth and air. 
Lest Jotun wolves should them devour. 
To s^^'iftest flight they bend each power. 

The Sun, beneath the sultr}- noon. 
Held, high in Heaven, her horse's rein : 
And, with her pale companion. Moon. 
Waited until the gods should deign 
To mark their path, their powers to tell. 
And place the stars from bright Muspel. 

Born in the flesh of Ymir old. 
Four dwarfs the mighty .^sir set 
Four comers of the skv to hold ; 



CRKATIOX. 

While, where the outmost boundaries met. 
The giant Hr3e, in eagle guise 
Sat in the north, — when he shall rise, 
Each mighty wing-stroke will give birth 
To storms that desolate the Earth. 

Within, below, o'ershadowing all, 
The Life-Tree, Igdrasil, upreared 
Its sacred boughs o'er iVsgard's Hall, 
Ahke by gods and Jotuns feared. 
Its Nornir sat by Odin's gate. 
Spinning the thread of Time and Fate; 
While deeper down was Mimir's Well 
On which was laid rare Wisdom's spell ; 
Its deepest root did Nidhogg gnaw, 
Dragon of Death ! forever more. 
Hovered aloft the Eagle, Life, 
While deep below lurked Death and Strife. 

From high Valhalla's hall of might. 
The ^sir looked the whole Earth o'er, 
Did in their handiwork delight; 
And then, upon the lone sea-shore 
Seeing two trees, the Ash and Elm, 



2 8 VALHALLA. 

They chose them rulers of this realm, 
Lest all the fair Creation vast 
Be wasted, lonely, to the last. 
Odin on them the Spirit poured, 
And sense was their's by Vili's word ; 
With flesh, and speech, and sight were they 
Endowed by power of mighty Ye. 
*He Ask, she Embla, they by name. 
First Man and Woman now became. 
On Midgard did the glorious Three 
Place human life and destiny. 

And now the gods' great work was o'er. 
Creation, beautiful, complete. 
The vaulted sky, the sea-girt shore 
Lay, stretched along at Odin's feet. 
But even in this early morn. 
Faintly foreshadowed, was the dawn 
Of that fierce struggle, deadly shock. 
Which yet should end in Ragnarock ; 
When Good and Evil, Death and Life, 
Beginning now, end then their strife. 

* The Elder Edda ascribes the creation of man not to the sons of B6r, 
but to another trinity of gods, — Odin, Hoenir, and L5dur, probably the 
5ame as Odin, Baldur, and Loki. 



PART SECOND. 



VALHALLA. 




LL is ended ! all is done, — 
Every thing beneath the sun; 

While above, — the stars, the sky,- 
Even Valhal, home on high 

Of the gods', in Asgard's land, — 
Full-perfected now doth stand. 



Assemble, ye gods! 
In Valhalla's high hall 
Odin awaits ye. 
Seats stand for ye all. 



30 VALHALLA. 

Valhalla's high hall, 'gainst wild tempest proof, 
Spears are its pillars, and shields are its roof! 
Battle-axes carve the feast, 
Coats of mail for ev'ry guest 
Drape the walls, support the board; 
Valhalla, home of Odin, God, 
On Asgard's height, is the delight 
Of ^Esir, working deeds of might. 

The Eagle of great Igdrasil 
High hovers o'er the sacred Hill, 
Bird of Life ! 
While waves of strife 
Round the gates of Asgard pour, — 
Loud hear Thund, the Death-Stream, roar ! 
'Thro' the dreadful tumult made, 
Fallen heroes hither wade. 
Brought to Odin by Valk}T, 
Battle-maidens held most dear. 
O'er sea and thro' air, 
'Mid lightnings' fierce glare. 
Bright shields bearing, 
Each maid wearing 



VALHALLA. 3 1 

Gleaming armor, side by side, 
Down thro' lurid sky they ride. 
When to Asgard back they come, 
Tyr and Vidar welcome home ; 

Valhal's wide hall 

Has room for all ! 
Odin loves not empty seat; 
Fairest maids the victors greet, 
Fill full high with mead the bowl, — 
Deeply drinks each warrior soul. 

High in Valhal sits God Odin; 

By his side, in place of pride, 
Decked with falcon plumes is Friga, — 
Queen of gods, and Odin's bride ; 
^sir's Mother, 
Fjorgyn's daughter ! 
Future is to her revealed 
Useless, for her lips are sealed. 

And now, at last 
Thro' Heav'n the blast 
Rings clear from Heimdal's mighty horn, 
O'er earth and air its sound is borne. 



32 VALHALLA. 

Loud summons the ^sir, — 
Gods of the earth and air, — ■ 

To Valhalla's glorious feast; 

Fading faint the sound has ceased. 

First, Thor with the bent brow. 
In red beard muttering low, 

Darting fierce lightnings from eye-balls that glow, 
Comes, while each chariot-wheel 
Echoes in thunder-peal, 
As his dread hammer-shock 
Makes Earth and Heaven rock. 

Clouds rifting above, while Earth quakes below. 

Fairest of all gods, beautiful Baldur ! 
Bright-browed and pure One, best loved of .Esir 

Light from his shining face 

Streams over x\sgard's race; 

Rising from realms of night, 

Bears he in car of light, 

Bears he from realms afar, 
Brilliantly beaming, joy to Valhalla! 



VALHALLA. 33 

Why trembles Friga on her throne 
When comes bhnd Hoedur, Odin's son? 
Lo ! strong and silent drawing near, 
The Mother shrinks from him in fear, 

For of veiled Futurity 

Pierces she the mystery; 

Baldur's fate to her revealed 

Useless, since her lips are sealed. 

Now Loki comes, cause of ill ! 

Men and ^sir curse him still. 
Long shall the gods deplore. 
Even till Time be o'er, 

His base fraud on Asgard's Hill. 
While, deep in Jotunheim, most fell. 
Are Fenrir, Serpent, and dread Hel, — 
Pain, Sin and Death, his children three, — 
Brought up and cherished ; thro' them he 
Tormentor of the world shall be. 

Lovely Gerda, Goddess rare ! 
Snow white arms and bosom fair 
Gleaming soft o'er sea and air ! 



VALHALLA. 

With her brilHam beaming bkish, 
Glowing lights thro' cloud-waves rush. 
While Auroras from her hair 
Quiver "round the ether dome: 
Shooting o'er the Northern skies 
Radiant arrows from her eyes. 
As to Odin's joyous home, 
She, the Bride of Frey. doth come. 

( ireat Frey himself hastens hither, 
Lord of warm, life-giving weather! 

Soft-dropping rains 

0"er smiling plains, 

And dew-drops shed 

On Nature's bed, 
Fall from his chariot, fleet and bright, 
.\s speeds he on to halls of light. 

Bright Iduna, ^iRid immortal I 
Standing at Valhalla's portal, 

In her casket has rich store 

Of rare apples, gilded o'er : 

Those rare apples, not of Earth, 

Ageing ^^sir give fresh birth. 



VALHALLA. 35 

When e'er the fearful Day be past, — 
That Day, of Odin's pow'r the last, — 

She, unharmed shall stand the shock. 

Rising over Ragnarock, 
Defying Surtur, God of Fire, 
Conqu'ring Serpent, Hel and Fenrir; 

Then, to Gimli's golden dome. 

Lead the purer JEsir home. 

Amid the summons loud. 
Rising o'er Earth and cloud. 
Swelling, then lying faint on ambient air, 
In rich melodious strain 
The rune-notes' sweet refrain 
Falls lingering, from the golden harp-strings rare ! 

Ecstatic notes I 

Each, liquid floats 
In welcome as the .Esir come ; 

Circling round Odin's home. 

Up to Valhalla's dome, 
Triumphant, exultant, they rise ; 

E'er they reel and rebound 

In full billows of sound. 



36 VALHALLA. 

Thrilling greetings thro' trembling skies, — ■ 
Rare greetings o'er rain-bow arch, 
As hither the .^sir march, 
Still Bragi doth sing; 
Higher and louder, 
Clearer and prouder, 
Entrancing chords ring! 
Seated at Odin's feet, 
Pouring forth floods of sweet 

Silvery sound, 
Bragi, on Idun's breast. 
Singing shall ever rest ; 
Soft strains from skilled finger-tips, 
High themes from wise rune-graved lips 
Echo around! 
Delighting with his minstrelsy 
The gods amid their revelry, 
Until Surtur's fiery brand 
Ruin flings o'er sea and land ; 
Then, passed the Twilight of the gods, 
E'er shall he dwell in pure abodes, 
And, beyond all reach of sadness. 
He shall pour forth notes of gladness. 



VALHALLA. 37 

More triumphant then the rune, 
Sweeter far will be the tune 
Than now in Valhal 
At high festival, 
When with Iduna, then shall he 
The ^^sir greet full joyously, 
As the fierce strife on Vigrid's plain 

Rolls away, 
And Odin's race shall meet again 
In brighter day. 

Feasting and pleasure, 

Joy without measure 
In Valhalla hold full sway; 
While, throughout the happy day. 
To and fro goes Hermodur, — 
O'er the Earth, and thro' the air 
Swift and sure, as messenger, 
Odin's mandates oft doth bear. 

For even in the flowing bowl 
Shall ne'er forget the god-like soul ; 
^sir great 
All await 
Until Heimdal sounds his call. 



^S VALHALLA. 

Valhalla's feast 
Enchains no guest ! 
When there is need, 
No sparkling mead, 
Nor maiden's kiss, 
Nor Asgard's bliss 
Keeps them in Valhalla's hall. 

To their power belongs 
To quell evil, right wrongs ! 
Earth lifts to them her pleading handsj 
For them, Air stills his tempest bands, 
While Dwarf with Jotun trembling stands ;- 
All bow before their high commands. 
By purity made strong. 

So the gods in glorious state, 
Dwell within Valhalla's gate. 
Cursed be the woeful hour 
When shall creep in Jotun power, 
When Good and 111, in deadly shock 
Shall battle in dread Ragnarock. 




PART THIRD. 



EINHERIAR'S SONG. 




EASTING sit the mighty ^sir 

In Valhalla's golden splendor : 
There, on snow-white arm reclining, 
Garlands gay is Freya twining ; 
" Mercy," singeth Baldur bright, 
" Is the ornament of might. 
As wreaths bedeck the victor's shield, 
So Mercy crowns him on the field." 



Throned high is Odin great ; 
Well he loves the Hero-feast : 
Wounds adorn each warrior guest. 



40 VALHALLA. 

In that radiant hall of state 
Decorated seats are set, 
Still with gore the swords are wet. 
No craven there 
To sit may dare ! 
In the brightness of the gods, 
In those blessed, grand abodes, 
Heroes feast, on couches lying, 
Brave in life, most blest in dying. 

Close beside him, in the Feast-hall, 

Stand the beauteous Maids of War, 
Who from the stricken field shall call 

Bands of strong Einheriar. 
Grave they wait, with bright shields gleaming. 

Thoughtful, brazen spears in hand. 
Of those chosen Norse-sons dreaming. 

Soon to feast with Odin's band. 

Whispered Odin, " Soon the gray Wolf 

In Valhalla shows his face ; 
Who can tell how soon in Vingolf 

He shall ravage Asgard's race ? 



einheriar's song. 41 



Still seats are empty. Go ye 'forth 

Thro' the kingdoms of the North ; 
Bold warriors who have bravely fought, 

Mighty deeds have nobly wrought, 
Choose ye from the misty Norse-land, 

Allies, at our Throne to stand ; 
So, when fierce Fenrir comes in might. 

They may aid us in the fight. 
Heroic deed claims god-like meed. 
Of valiant hearts have ^sir need. 
Daughters of War ! 
Scent ye afar 
Where red battle doth rage, 
The steam of the carnage. 
Who on the death-plain 
Hath striven to gain 
Peace for his country, and fame for his gods. 
Bring here on your shields to blessed abodes. 
E'er in victorious festival 
To sup with us in high Valhal." 

Swift thro' the startled air. 
Like lightning flashing, 



42 VALHALLA. 

Thro' war-clouds dashing, 
Speed the Valkyriar ! 
Brazen armor gleaming bright, 
Glittering far with Glory's light, 
*Skuld, their leader, upward lifting 
Pointing finger, where, thro' rifting 
Crimson clouds, the path is lying 
To the gods in glorious dying. 

Louder the battle roars ! 

As rain the life-blood pours ! 

Shivers the barbed lance ! 

Sharp swords like meteors glance! 
Each fiery heart 
Pierced by Death's dart 
Exults with sluggish life to part ! 
Fiercer yet see warriors battling. 
Twanging bows and quivers rattling ; 
Thro' the field, mad chargers rushing, 
Ruthless hoofs the fallen crushing ; 
O'er red earth, with strong spears crashing, 
Gold haired sons of valiant sires 

*Skuld — Noma of the Future 



einheriar's song. 43 

Like their northern blasts are dashing ; 
In each breast, Berserker fires 

Spring hot to life 
x\t sound of strife, 
Smell of blood their sinews bracing, 
Film of death from glazed eyes chasing ; 
Leaping mad thro' hostile bands, 
Seizing victory with fierce hands. 
Clutching in wild grasp, the spear 
Which shall wide their heart-strings tear ; 
Triumphant, feel the welcome wound 
That, sure, the seat of life has found ; 
Falling on the field of slaughter 
Wildly screaming joyful laughter. 
Exultant, that in Saga's song. 
Undying, should their deeds belong ; 
Impatient, hail the maids who bear 
Their souls aloft on blood-shields rare. 

Downward thro' gore and carnage swooping, 
Valkyriar, o'er the death-field stooping, — 
The field of fame, — 



44 VALHALLA. 

In Odin's name, 
Choose from the slain 
On whom the hero-mark is plain. 
On their brows press icy kisses, 
Hold them close in cold embraces, 
Snatch them from the arms of Death, 
Woo back life with Glory's breath. 
Back streams their golden hair 
As thro' the trembling air, 
• Up to the ^sir. 
The bold Valkyriar 
On gory shields their spirits bear. 
Heimdal waits at Asgard's portal. 
Leads to Idun, Maid Immortal. 
Gaping wounds are bound by Eyra 
Ee'r they feast with blue-eyed Freya. 
Then, loud the song of triumph rings,— 
'Tis Bragi, lo ! the rune who sings ! 



BRAGI'S SONG. 

" Skoal to the Heroes, from battle returning ! 
Loud sung for aye be each death-dealing blow 



BRAGIS SONG. 45 

With scorning, to Hel, the craven ones spurning, . 

Shield-bearing Valkyrs exultantly go. 
Agape are the wounds, proud crimson marks glowing, 

Gashes of glory on Heroes who die ; 
Precious to Odin, the purple tide flowing. 

Each red drop, a wine-draught, runes ev'ry sigh. 
Fires of Conquest, the dun skies are lighting, 

Vidar is chaunting victorious strain ; 
Hail to our Feast-Hall ! great Heimdal, inviting, 

On Gjallar-horn sounds triumphant refrain. 
Mercy and Might round each bold heart are twining, 

Adorning each soul like shield-graven blooms ; 
Gondula and Skuld, with Rota, combining. 

Bear them to Vingolf, thro' Death's welcome 
glooms. 
Odin awaits them, in splendor proud sitting. 

There gather the gods in high festival ; 
Vidar and Thor shall receive as befitting 

Einheriar led to golden Valhal. 
Radiant couches for them are preparing, 

Banquets that strengthen the warrior-soul • 
Maidens alluring full beakers are bearing, — 

Love mingling with wine in o'erflowing bowl. 
Softly recline they on warm bosoms, thrilling 



46 VALHALLA. 

Every quick pulse of the swift, throbbing heart ; 
Fulla for Friga their mead-cups high filHng, — 

Joy is imperfect where Love hath no part. 
Safely surrounded by Passion's sweet longing, 

Feast they and rest they till dawning of light ; 
Pleasure and banquet to Valor belonging, 

Feasting shall strengthen strong sinews of Might. 
Then when the car of fair Day is uprising 

From dense murky depths of cloud-land below. 
On Idavold's plain, in warfare surprising. 

Till eve shall they strive, in prowess shall grow. 
So, when the gray wolf to Asgard be coming, 

And Jotun hosts rage in wild tempest shock. 
For Odin they'll fight, in Day of dark dooming, 

And battle for him, in dread Ragnarock." 

So Bragi ends ; thro' list'ning air 

Rise, swell, and die, the rune-notes rare. 

Around the Hall, on seats of gold 

Recline at ease Einheriar bold. 

Bright maids, caressing, pour the mead, 

While Saga chaunts each warlike deed ; 

On Bragi's breast, Iduna leans, 



BRAGl'S SONG. 47 

Fair Gerda's blush thro' Valhal gleams, 
And Friga welcomes to her side 
The Hero-band, great Odin's pride. 
In joy and feasting, passes night ; 
Their souls, with dawn rejoice in fight; 
They, blest, shall dwell in fair abodes 
Till comes the Twilight of the gods ; 
'Gainst Hela, and her hosts of Dead, 
They then shall strive in battle dread. 




PART FOURTH 



LOKI, THE MISCHIEF MAKER. 



^rr EATH Valhalla's glorious dome, 
^j:,^ In the xElsir^s heavenly home, 
^ ^1 Hither, hence, they ceaseless roam, 
-H^J Rest to find, their labors done : 
Rest and pleasure 
Without measure ! 
Finished task is pleasure won. 
In fair Duty's perfect round. 
Godlike souls are ever found. 



From beaming day till cloudless night 
The gods compete in works of might ; 



LOKI, THE MISCHIEF MAKER. 49 

Great Friga's bounteous smiles delight 

And warm the Earth ; Frey, from his height. 

Sunshine and rain 

O'er hill and plain, 

Sends to the Earth, 

That plenteous birth 
From Nature's womb may deck his fane. 
Lovely Gerda's brilliant blushes, 
Lights auroral, quiv'ring flushes. 
From Frey's proud throne, thro' evening air. 
Tremble in ether wavelets rare. 
The grateful Earth looks up with love 
To bright Valhalla's dome above ; 
While, in dark Jotunheim most drear, 
Giants and dwarfs shrink down in fear. 

.Love is the rule of all 

In Valhalla's high hall 1 
Love is the Lord ! Love never fails ! 

Meekness and strength. 

Mingled at length, 
By Love poised in Odin's just scales. 



50 VALHALLA. 

So Love ruled all 

Till Loki's fall,— 
Loki, thro' whom Death, Sin and Woe 
Should ravage Heaven, and Earth below 
One with Odin at the first 
When the grand Creation burst 
From the ^'Esir's glorious plan ; 
One \nth him when Time began ; 
One \rith him in godlike thought ; 
One \\'ith him in good deeds \\TOUght ; 

At every feast 

His honored guest ; 

His foster-brother, 

Of Jotun mother ; 
Fair of face, seductive grace, 
Fair, as tho' of ^sir race, — 
Fell he from his high estate. 
Sinking in the depths of Earth, 
There had Loki second birth, — 
Born of Laufey, frail and base ; 

His father. Wind, 

Fickle, unkind ; 
Dwelt he within Utgard's gate. 
Thro' Jotun change, his holy fire 



LOKI, THE MISCHIEF MAKER. 5 1 

Burnt fiercer into wrong desire, 
Mingling with evil ones, became 
x\n earthly, devastating flame. 

Deep below, on dragon's bed, 
Brought he forth his children dread, 
Frightful, fearful, fiendish brood ! 
Loving evil, hating good ; 
Wily Serpent, raging Fenrir, 
Dark Hel most awful, scourges drear, 
Shapes so terrible. 
Forms too horrible 
For aught but wretched Guilt to see. 
Yet ever in the world to be ; 
While in fierce Loki's deepest soul 
Held he most dear these offspring foul. 

Now back to Asgard having come, 
The gods receive the traitor home. 
Little the mighty ^sir dream 
Their brother be not all he seem. 

But prone to hate 

Their better state ; 
Ah ! bitter have the high gods cursed 
The evil stock which Loki nursed ! 



VALHALLA. 

Goes he where the .-Esir go, 
Working still as secret foe 
To undo their mighty deeds ; 
Leaves them at their greatest needs. 
Now soon in Asgard peace is dead 1 
From Valhalla rest has fled. 

Creeping in 

Shapes of sin, 
Lust of gold and greed of gain. 
Dim the light on Ida's plain. 
Darklv, denselv slather there 
Forms that seem of thinnest air. 
But as yet that show all fair; — 
Hateful forms, by Loki brought, 
Which shall render Asgard naught! 

Ever by stealth 

Works he himself, 
Foul and fiendish like his race : 

All woes that fall 

On Odin's hall 
Can be traced to Loki base. 
From out Valhalla's portal 
"Twas he who pure Iduna lured, — 



LOKI, THE MISCHIEF MAKER. 53 

Whose casket fair 
Held apples rare 
That render gods immortal, — 
And in Thiassi's tower immured. 

By his mocking, scornful mien, 

Soon, in Valhal it was seen 

'Twas the traitor Loki's art 

Which had led I dun apart 
To gloomy tower. 
And Jotun power. 
In eagle guise he wrought the wrong ; 
In like disguise the wrathful throng 
Of ^sir force him bring the maid 
Safe under Asgard's mighty shade, 
Guarded by god-like power most strong. 

Once did the traitor rank conspire 
'Gainst Asgard's mighty host entire ; 

At one fell blow 

To wreak dread woe. 
Tho' trusted by the .^sir still, 
'Twas Loki planned the hateful ill. 
To Asgard came an architect, 



54 VALHALUL 

And castle offered to erect, — 

A casdehi^ 

Which should defy 
Deep Jottm guile and giant raid ; 
And this most wily compact made. — 
Fair Freja, with the Moon and Sun 
As price the foitress being done. 
Darkened, indeed, and gloomy all 
Earth, A^ard, and Valhalla's hall. 
Should au^t the Moon or Sun be^ill ; 
Barren the earth, breathless the air. 
If they should lose loved Freya's care ! 

Deceitful wile, 

Sedudng guile 
So well had veiled the .z.v.z 

The gods could not detect, nor dream 
Which one of all Valhalla's thnrng 
Had been the author of the wrong. 
Till, like a flash, the memory came, — 
Twas Zoki did the payment name ! 

Horror and fear the gods beset ; 
Finished almost the castle stood ! 



LOKI, THE MISCHIEF MAKER. 55 

In three days more 
The work be o'er ; 
Then must they make their contract good, 
And pay the awful debt. 

Horror and fear 

At danger near 
Sudden to fiercest anger turned ; 
Each god-Hke soul now eager burned 
To force him break the contract dread, 
Or vengeance wreak on Loki's head. 
Guile and fear are kindred ever, 
Brothers ^they, who may not sever ! 
To appease the ^sir ire 
Loki bent to their desire. 
That crafty builder's strongest stay, 
The magic steed, to wile away. 
Subtile and full of strange device, 
As a young mare did he entice 
The horse afar to unknown shore ; 
Thus could the plotter harm no more. 

Thro' all the night. 

Till morning's light, 



56 VALHALLA. 

Swift after Svadelfari fleet 

The Builder sped with anxious feet. 

But useless all ! By Loki foiled, 

His anger on the gods recoiled, 

As further work himself could naught 

Without the magic aid he brought. 

Now, casting all disguise aside, 

Amidst the gods in angry pride, — 

While crumbling sank the half-built tower. 

In giant form and Jotun power 

He stood ! Wild terror seized on all 

Lest ruin should on Asgard fall. 

Dread hour for Valhal ! help was none 
When Asgard's stoutest stay was gone ! 
The vengeful Jotun, tow'ring high. 
With scofiFmg taunt and furious cry. 
Shook gate and roof — e'en upper sky, — 

Grasped at the Sun, 

While pallid Moon 

Coursed swiftly by ! 
Then on the trembling ^sir turned, 

And forward dashed ; 



LOKI, THE MISCHIEF MAKER. 57 

In thunders crashed 
Portal and wall, defences they 
Too feeble all in such affray, — 
[.ike reeds from out his path he spurned. 

But, joy ! great Thor, returning slow 

From road and toil 

And frequent broil, 

In wearied march 

Up rainbow arch, 
Heard the foul insults of the foe. 
Frantic at the outrage wrought, 
Maddened by the ruin sought. 
As storm-wind sudden, on he swept, 
Like thunder-bolt on Jotun leapt ! 
x\s on the giant foe he sprang, 
'Gainst rib and thigh great Mjolnir rang, 

With mighty stroke 

His skull he broke, — 
Then hurled him dovvm to Hel below. 

So Thor restored Valhalla's peace. 
But ills in Asgard did not cease ; 
Uneven balanced Odin's scales. 



58 



VALHALLA. 



Kindness on evil nature fails, 

Meekness naught avails ! 
Odin's self, distraught 
By the trouble ^^Tought, 
Early and late e'er sought from Fate 
Wisdom to rule in god-hke state. 




PART FIFTH 



MIMIR'S WELL. 




N the dread Frost-Giants' dwelling, 

In the realm of Jotunheim, 
By the sacred Life Tree swelling, 
Filled with mysteries of Time, 
The Fountain sprang of Mimir wise,- — 

Mimir, knowing good and ill, — 
While from those silver waves would rise 
Mists that watered Igdrasil. 



Thoughtful there sat Wisdom's son. 
Warder of the Well 
In whose waters dwell 



6o VALHALLA. 

Future, past and present lore. 
From which Nornir evermore 
Deeply drank. He, knowing One, 
Whene'er the early dawn was breaking. 
And Jotunheim from sleep awaking. 
His constant thirst these waters slaking, 
Would his very heart-strings steep 
In full horn drawn from the deep. 

With silv'ry beard which far below 
His girdle fell in glist'ning flow. 
With wrinkled brow yet flashing eye. 
Sat Bragi old, stern Mimir nigh, 
He, worthy son of Odin high. 
Who held the gift of minstrelsy. 

When, sudden, from the sacred Well 
Up would light foam and vapor swell. 
Or when o'erlapping wave. 
Springing from deepest cave, 
Outflung its misty spray. 
Then to his golden harp would stray 
His quiv'ring hand, and forth would roll 
Such strains as straight enchant the soul 
And hold, spell-bound, the listener's ear; 



mimir's well. 6 1 



Rich runic rhymes 
Of olden times, 
High words of ancient lore, 
Deep words from wisdom's store; — 
While still thro' all the lofty measure. 

With soft sounds breathing clear 
Of Love's delight and godlike pleasure, 
Were mingled notes of woe, 
Tho' sadly, sweetly low, 
The burden, wierd, unearthly wailing, 
As tho' doomed spirits, unavailing. 
Lost raptures mourned; then tones faint failin 
Would rise again, with harp high sounding. 
Thro' all the silent air resounding. 
And louder, longer e'er swelled high. 
Inspiring themes of poesy, — 
Deeds of the gods that yet should be,. 

And deeds that were of Eld. 
By Bragi's deep-rune-written tongue 
Oft were such magic song-notes sung ; 
Oft with his harp, in vesture white. 
He would the ^sir proud delight, 
For Inspiration's power he held 



62 VALHALLA. 

Hither came the awful Vala, 
Seeress from the land of Hela, 
Counsel wise to take ; 
Here her thirst would slake. 
Often, too, came ^sir hither ; 
Often sent the Jotuns whither 

Welled the fount of Wisdom fast, 
Draining deep the horn of Knowledge, 

Solving secrets of the Past. 
Vapors, rising from the Well's edge, 

Shadows of the Future cast. 

Now, great Odin, just and true, 
God of gods, on Asgard's hill, 
Tho' his ravens faithful flew. 
Bringing news from all earth through, 
Tho' he quaffed from Urda's bowl 
Wisdom's draughts that feast the soul, 
Tho' by Sokvabek he stayed 
With fair Saga, all- wise maid, — 

Knowledge still 
Lacked the God to right the ill. 

Anxious, troubled, full of thought 
To undo the evils wrought. 



mimir's well. 63 

Gloomy, grieving, 

Great God Odin 
Uprising from Valhalla's throne. 
Slow, the pillared Feast Hall leaving. 
Engraven deep with runes within, 
Sad, parting from those halls of light, 
Forth rode he out into the night, 
Down to dark Jotunheim alone. 

Rode he long and rode he fast. 

First, beneath the great Life Tree, 

At the sacred Spring, sought he 

Urdar, Noma of the Past ; 

But her backward seeing eye 

Could no knowledge now supply. 
Across Verdandi's page there fell 
Dark shades that ever woes foretell ; 
The shadows which 'round Asgard hung 
Their baleful darkness o'er it flung ; 
The secret was not written there 
Might save Valhal, the pure and fair. 
Last, youngest of the sisters three, 
Skuld, Noma of Futurity, 
Implored to speak, stood silent by, — 



64 VALHALLA. 

Averted was her tearful eye. 

And now, deprived of guiding light, 

Onward rode Odin thro' the night. 

When to the Fountain's brink he came. 
The God invoked the Sage's name. 

Arising slow 

Respect to show 
To Odin great, the ^^sir chief. 

Stood Mimir wise. 

Whose piercing eyes 
Saw that the Father sought relief 
From some sharp trouble, fear or grief 

Straight to him, then, Al-father spoke. 

With questioning words the silence broke. 
" Oh ! all wise Mimir ! 
Sprung of the ^sir, 
Wise wert thou e'er of old. 
Prophet and seer ! unfold 

What mysteries the Fates may hold ! 
Darkened Valhalla's hall, 
The gods, confounded all ! 

Shame and disgrace o'er iVsgard's race 



mimir's well. 65 

Hang like an evil shrouding pall. 
Where is our perfect quiet gone ? 
Why has the peace of Asgard flown ? 
Whence come the ills, the wrongs that fill 
With strife and care our happy Hill ? 
Has yet a god wrought this disgrace ? 
Or springs it from the Jotun race ? 

Speak thou ! for thou cans't tell ! 

Speak ! Watcher o'er the Well ! 

For, by the oath of gods. 

Whatever rich rewards 

Thou seek, they shall be thine ; — 

Thou hast my pledge divine !" 

Then spoke Mimir, stern and slow. 
Filling high his golden horn, 
While deep murmurings, muttered low. 
Up from out the Well were borne, — 
Surges of all-knowing Time, 
Utt'ring faint their solemn chime : 
'' Odin, drink ! this beaker drain ! 
Every drop a Fate shall be ; 
Spill not one ! great God, in vain 
Misty veil shall lift for thee. 



66 VALHALLA. 

Yet e'er these waters can be thine, 
Sure pledge of payment must be mine ;- 
Not helmet bright, nor corslet strong, 
For they to war and strife belong ; 
No jewels rare, nor golden store ; 
Thine eye in pledge leave evermore. " 

*^ Uneven sway thy scales. 
Blind meekness ever fails 
To balance crafty strength, — 
The strength that springs from ill,- 
Behold ! at length 
From guile and lies 
Pure peace e'er flies. 
Strength is evil, vain is will. 
Meekness, weakness, — each is sin, 
While false Loki's brood within 
Ye shall cherish and shall nourish. 
Giving thus ill deeds to flourish. 
Be Loki's brood outcast, 
In deepest depths chained fast ; 
Else on the cow'ring world 
Shall torments fierce be hurled ! 
Ruined shall fall proud Asgard's wall, 



miiMir's well. 67 

Void be each throne, — guestless each hall ! 
Thro' the Serpent, Hel, and Fenrir 
Shall come destruction, deep and drear. 
But, battle with them as ye will, 
Dread Ragnarock thro' them comes still. 
Too long has Loki dwelt within, 
Too long have .^sir cherished sin ; 
Too late ! too late, great God I too late ! 
Unchangeable the words of Fate. 
Ward off the ills, if so ye may, — 
But Ragnarock ye cannot stay ! 

On Baldur's brilliant crest 

What shining glories rest ! 
White vestured God ! 
Love is his sword. 

Peace is his battle-cry ! 
But even now false Loki waits 
Within the shade of Asgard's gates ; 
Lo I even now the Tempter stands 
By Hoedur blind, with guiding hands. 

The hour is drawing nigh ! 
Alas ! full soon shall x\sgard's light 
Be quenched and lost in blackest night ! 



68 VALHALLA. 

Then triumphs Loki base I 
Ravens his fearful race ! 
Terrible shall be the hour 
\Mien is loosed their baleful power ! 
Thee, thee shall hideous Fenrir slay 
With cruel fangs that awful Day 
When Earth shall bum, gods pass away 
All this great Friga knoweth well, 
But heron's crown forbids to tell, — 
The plumed crown, Forgetfulness, 
Condemns her lips to silentness. 

" Quaff once again, O God ! 

But mark thou well each word. 
Xot strength of Thor. or heart of Tyr, 
'Gainst Serpent, Hel, or fierce Fenrir, 
Can aught alone. Let all ^^sir 
Rise in their might, cast out to night 
Loki's foul brood ; then, in the light 
Of Justice high, let judgment fall 
With equal measure upon all. 
Restored Valhalla's purity, 
Thus Ragnarock delayed may be. 



mimir's well. 69 

Return thou, Odin, e'er too late ! 
Hear, and obey the words of Fate." 

So ended Mimir, while the swell 
Of sigh-like murmurs from the well 
Ceased with his voice ; then all was still. 
Back Odin rode to Asgard's Hill, 
Where, in Valhalla's shield-hung hall, 
Assembled were the ^sir all 
To learn what might from Fate befall. 
Again, when early dawn was breaking. 
And Jotunheim from sleep awaking. 
Then Mimir, in the morn's first glowing. 

Going to the fountain's edge. 
Drank ever of the clear mead flowing 
In his horn, o'er Odin's pledge. 




PART SIXTH. 



CASTING OUT OF LOKIS BROOD. 




EEP down in the realms of night, 
Hideous powers dwelt in might, 
Brought forth on the dragon's bed,^ 
With dwarfs dew* and venom fed ; 
Awful, dreadful shapes of terror, 
Guilt}^ forms of darkest horror ! 
Demon birth. 
Accursed of Earth ! 
Well do the .^sir know the sight. 
The traitor Loki was their father 
By Angurboda, Jotun mother ; 

Dragon's bed and Dwarf's dew, are personifications ofgold. 



CASTING OUT OF LOKIS BROOD 71 

Fierce hate and wrong 

With time grown strong ; 
The brood triumphant, 
In this exultant, 
By Fate 'twas given 
That they should raven 
Proud Asgard's sons and men among. 

Seated high among the ^sir, - 

In Valhalla's shield-hung Hall, 
Words of judgment spake God Odin, 

Counsel took he with them all. 
Fiercely burned the gods' just ire ! 
Angry-browed, with shoulders bent. 
On their rune-graved staves they lent ; 
Thro' Loki's art, had peace within 
Been slain, while loathsome forms of sin, — 
The Wolf, the Serpent, and pale Hel, — 
Permitted upon Earth to dwell. 

Rising from his Judgment-Seat, 
From his spear-supported Throne, 
Tow'ring to his fullest height, 
Spake great Odin, " Thou most fleet 



VALHALLA. 

Tried Hermodur ! quick begone ! 
Bear my mandate ! speed thou forth 
Thro' the wild and frozen North ; 
From drear Jotun lands of night 
Bring the foul death-deahng blight 
To be judged by ^sir might. '^ 

'Twas done. The deadly brood 
Before the high Throne stood. 
AVildly striving, 
Wrestling, writhing, 
Unwilling, to the Judgment came. 

Compelled by power of Odin's name. 
Defiant, haughty Loki reared 
His lofty head; with threat'nings dared 
Affront the gods ; if so they feared 
His power of ill, to cease from wrath, 
Resign to him his race of death ! 
Bold Tyr, undaunted, smote swift blow, 
Then hurled the Evil One below. 

With venom-dripping crest, 
Fierce tail in mad unrest, 
Coiling his loathsome length. 



CASTING OUT OF LOKIS BROOD 73 

Launching forth rings of strength, 
Forked tongue, and poisoned breath, 
The Serpent, child of Death, 
Menaced Valhalla high ; 

With heaving throes, 

And deafening blows. 
Lashing the very sky. 

Close by the Throne now Hela stood 
Whose awful aspect chilled the blood ; 

Gaunt and pallid, 

Grim and livid, 
A frightful, ghastly shape was she. 
As dead among the dead shall be. 
Red lightnings flashed from hollow eyes, 
Her dark robes gave forth groans and sighs. 
Back shrank the ^sir, pale, aghast. 
As thro' their midst the Dread One passed, 
x\ll reeking with the fumes of death. 
Mad, drunken, wild with frantic wrath ; 
Malignant glared she round the Hall, 
As, baleful, would she crush them all ; 
Shaking in rage her mighty arm. 
Burning to work high Asgard harm. 



74 VALHALLA. 

Then throned Justice, roused at length, 
Seized each the monsters in his grasp. 
Awful in ire and wondrous strength ; 
In vain they strove 'gainst Odin's clasp I 
Swiftly impelled thro' air 
In breathless race 
They flew thro' space, 
Thro' mist and cloud, 
With howlings loud. 
Cowered the Earth in fear ! 
While, in Valhalla, at the sight. 
Shivered the Gods with faces white. 

Into mid-ocean's dark depths hurled, 
Grown with each day to giant size. 
The Serpent soon enclosed the world, 
With tail in mouth, in circle-wise ; 

Held harmless still 

By Odin's will. 
With lurid eye, in strong despair. 

Belching forth fierce 

Winds that should pierce 
With rain and storm, the trembling air. 

Up maelstroms broke, 



CASTING OUT OF LOKl S BROOD. 75 

While thunders woke 

With sullen roar, 

From shore to shore, 
As he, with baffled ire, 
Writhed still in vain desire. 

By Odin strong. 

Avenging wrong. 

In ice-bound realms of Niflheim dread, 

In gloomy regions of the Dead, 
Was hideous Hel 

Condemned to dwell. 
Hither, to her dark domain. 
Came those worthless spirits, slain 
By old age, disease, or pain. 
Captive, by the Dragon, Death, 
Borne on black-hued wings beneath ; 
Unmarked by hero-gore. 
There wade they evermore 
In venom-streams that pour 
'Round that dismal habitation; 
All restless driven 
Till chains be riven 
In the Day of consternation ; 



76 VALHALLA. 

When will those rigid bands 
Rush forth from Hela's lands, 
And, in the shock 
Of Ragnarock, 
Thro' Thund's roaring river. 
Against the high ^sir, 

'Gainst the Einheriar, 

Led by Valkyriar, 

Shall strive that fearful host. 

The armies of the lost. 

Elvidner was Hela's hall, 

Iron-barred, with massive wall ; 

Horrible that palace tall ! 

Hunger was her table bare ; 

Waste, her knife ; her bed, sharp care ; 

Burning Anguish spread her feast ; 

Bleached bones arrayed each guest ; 

Plague and Famine sang their runes. 

Mingled with Despair's harsh tunes. 

Misery and Agony 

E'er in Hel's abode shall be ! 

'Round about Thund's torrent poured ; 

Loud without, Garm, Hell-dog, roared ; 



CASTING OUT OF LOKIS BROOD. 77 

While, on the bridge of glass, 
To take from whom might pass 
The toll of blood, 
Grim Modgud stood; 
There, Hel shall reign 
Till, freed from chain, 
In Ragnarock she rave in strife, — 
Evil 'gainst Good, and Death 'gainst Life. 

Remained for doom Fenrir alone ; 
Even Al-father on his throne 
Trembled before that Jotun power, 
Fearing should come the woeful hour, 

Decreed by Nornir, 

Foretold by Mimir, 

To most high ^sir. 
When bright Valhal be plunged in gloom, 
The Wolf's red jaws be Odin's tomb. 

Exultant in his awful strength 
Before the gods he stood at length. 

None but brave Tyr might dare 

To come the Wolf anear. 
Twice did the ALsiv strive to bind. 



7 8 VALHALLA. 

Twice did they fetters powerless find ; 

Iron or brass of no avail, 

Naught, save thro' magic could prevail. 

Gleipnir, at last, 

By Dark Elves cast, 
In Svartalf-heim, with strong spells wrought, 
To Odin was by Skirnir brought. 
As soft as silk, as light as air, 
Yet still of magic power most rare ; 
Wound round his limbs in w^eblike fold, 
Full tight did Gleipnir Fenrir hold. 

Striving in vain 

Freedom to gain. 
Each struggle only tighter bound ; 
The Wolf lay chained on the ground. 
With bristling back and gnashing teeth. 
The monster rolled the throne beneath ; 

The venom froth 

From gory mouth 
Was scattered by his blistering breath ; 
Ever he sought in rage to rise, 
Drawn ever back by magic plies ; 

With frenzied bite 

And furious might. 



CASTING OUT OF LOKI S BROOD. 79 

Would tear apart his fetters light. 

Mad howlings loud 

Pierced Asgard proud ; 

More frantic grew ! 

His huge weight threw 

From side to side ; 

His hideous hide 

With dust and gore 

Was covered o'er. 

With foaming jaws 

And outstretched claws 
Then glared he, impotent, about ; 
With fury heard the taunting shout. 
The shrill laughter of the ^sir. 
Derision loud of all save Tyr, 
Thro' him one-handed evermore. 

Bound firm, this scourge of earth, 
Fierce Loki's fiercer birth. 
On rocky isle 
To wait the while, 
A sword between his wide jaws thrust, — 
The mighty sword of Odin just, — 
On earth the hilt, the point aloft, 



8o VALHALLA. 

His bowlings oft 
Shook earth and main ; 
Struggles all vain ! 
There lies he fast 
Till time be past, 
And Ragnarock burst forth at last. 

In vain, alas ! did vengeance come ; 

Doomed, even then, Valhalla's dome- 
Too late, too late ! 
Decrees of Fate, 
Unchanged and sure. 
Must still endure. 

Stern Destiny, who can avoid ? 

She, pitiless, shall govern all ! 

Fair Asgard's gold-thatched roofs must fall ; 

Void be her thrones ; guestless each hall. 

Alas ! the hour still came apace 

When all of earth and Odin's race 

In Ragnarock should be destroyed. 



PART SEVENTH. 



THOR AND THE DAUGHTERS OF ^.GIR. 




N their azure pillows lying, 
O'er fhem distant murmurs dying, 
Ocean caves beneath replying 
From mermaid's horn 
To echoes borne 
On winged breeze 
O'er land and seas 
From Asgard, Midgard, Jotunheim. 
Gently rocking to and fro, 
^gir's daughters ceaseless go ; 
Mantles blue the maidens wear, 
Snow-white bosoms gleaming bare, 



82 VALHALLA. 

Sea-grass green their floating hair, 
Still onward rolling, keeping time. 

Who so fair as the waves, 
^gir's daughters. 
Dancing waters ! 
Lapping lightly on the land. 
Sporting softly on the strand. 
Chasing one another. 
Then the breeze, their brother. 
Ruffles their crests. 
Scatters their spray, 
While their billowy breasts. 
Heaving high in their play. 
Swell and throb ! In coral caves 
Reigns King ^Egir, 
Feasts the ^sir, 
Feasts he, too, the drowned Ones 
Hither brought by Ran, his queen, 
Swathed in shrouds of sea-weed green. 
Fringed with shells ; while still the sheen 
Of pallid Hmbs and whit'ning bones. 
E'er ghastly through the meshes comes 
Of the net, in which each day 



THOR AND THE DAUGHTERS OF JEGIR. 83 

Unwary sailors catches she, 

Grim Sea King's guests below to be. 

Who so fierce as the waves, 
When, from deep ocean caves, 
^gir shall call. 
Shall summon all 
To bear his fury on high ! 
Madly raging, roaring, lashing, 
'Gainst steep crags in wild wrath crashing. 
Up to Heav'n their spray-clouds dashing. 
Mingling sea and sky ! 

Hither comes Thor, 
The Thunderer, 
To sport with those maids at rest. 
Sleepily lies each maiden calm, 
Gently drifting, with snow-white arm 

Folded on billowy breast ; 
Foam-wreaths over the floating hair, 
Swelling surges murmuring e'er 
Lullaby songs that soothe to rest. 

But fierce Thor, 
The Thunderer, 



84 V.ALHALLA. 

Loves no calm I 
Peace has no charm 
To lull his soul to rest. 
Comes he hither to sport an hour. 
In Jotun's land, 
With mighty hand, 
His .-Esir power 
Rang in the rock 
In tempest shock, 
And raised dread fear in giant's breast. 
What Odin sought, 
That strong Thor wrought ; 
And, now returned. 
For sport he burned 
E'er yet he reached Bilskirnirs bower. 

From their rest the maids are waking, 
Dimpling smiles o'er soft cheeks breaking, 
Sparkhng showers from fingers shaking, — 

Foamy fingers, light and fair ; 

While bright Day from car of gold 

Scatters gems of price untold 

To bedeck each virgin rare. 
Clinging, clasping in caresses. 



THOR AND THE DAUGHTERS OF ^GIR. 85 

To his breast the great God presses 
Each soft maid, while floating tresses 
Wrap him in embraces cold. 

Burning Thor, with kisses fierce, 

Will their frozen bosoms pierce, 

Seizes in enfolding arms ; 
Filled with passion, strong desire. 
Lustful flames e'er mounting higher, 

Presses wildly yielding forms, 

Riots on their sparkling charms. 
Lightly still the maids caress him. 
Closer to their bosoms press him ; 

Strange regrets and vague alarms 

Wake too late ! now, filled with storms 

Of wild WTath, they vainly try 

From his mighty arms to fly. 
More gently does their lover Thor, 
To lie at peace the maids implore ; 
But struggling, rising in their rage. 
While all the ocean powers engage 
To free them from the Thunderer, 

At length his wrath they rouse ; 
Then ends in strife the rude carouse. 



86 VALHALLA. 

Fiercely the billows strive, 
Madly they toss and writhe, 
'Neath towers of froth they hide ; 
While all the ocean wide 
Is lashed in boiling surge, 
^gir sits trembling on his throne. 
For power to match with Thor is none. 
Now, from their towers the maids emerge, 
Now, driven back by tempest scourge. 
Rough, wild waters ! 
True Jo tun daughters ! 
Roaring, wrestling, battling, writhing. 
Evil powers 'gainst ^sir striving ; 
Now, lost 'neath walls of foaming froth, 
^ Now, darting swift high billows forth ! 
Blinded by the spray they pour. 
Deafened by their sullen roar. 
Mighty Thor, 
The Thunderer, 
Flashes lightnings, rolls his thunder, 
Tears their billowy arms asunder, 
Undoes their fiercely clinging clasp, 
•Upholds them firmly in his grasp. 



THOR AND THE DAUGHTERS OF JEGIR. Sj 

Upholds them high 

'Neath lowering sky, 
Rampant raging, shrieking shrill, 
Holds them powerless at his will ; 
Still the maidens higher lifts, 
Dashes 'gainst the frowning cliifs, — 
Dashes with his gathered strength ! 
His wrath appeased, he turns at length, 
And muttering in his red beard low, 
While glaring still from bended brow. 
Home to Bilskirnir wends he slow ; 
With mocking laughter doth he go. 





PART EIGHTH. 



ODIN'S VISIT TO THE VALA. 




F all the gods of Asgard fair 

Who did in ValhaFs feast-hall meet, 
'Mong ^sir twelve who gathered there 
To quaff their mead at Odin's feet, 
And tell their tales of rare emprize 
Beneath the light of Freya's eyes ; — 
Of all the twelve round Odin's throne, 
Baldur, the Beautiful, alone. 
The Sun-god, good, and pure, and bright. 
Was loved by all, as all love light. 



But now strange dreams and omens ill 

O'erclouded brows whence light e'er streamed ; 



odin's visit to the vala. 89 

While Midgard all, with Asgard's hill, 

Trembled for him, most cherished deemed. 
At council grave did hither come 
Beneath Valhalla's royal dome, 
The anxious .'^sir, thus to seek 
What harm might hang o'er Baldur meek. 

They prayed and offered great reward. 

And begged the Earth this charge to make, — 

Round Baldur fair a watch and ward 
By day and night to ceaseless take. 

Friga, his mother, restless went 

To every plant, each element. 

Each thing, with breath or breathless, she 

Bound by an oath to harmless be 

To her dear son ; but, woe ! ah, woe ! 

She passed the sacred mistletoe. 

Then up rose Odin, anxious still. 
Saddled Sleipnir, of Loki's brood; — 

To dark Niflheim, fearing some ill. 
Then quickly rode Al-Father good. 

Forth in his path sprang Garm, the hound. 
Fierce keeper he of Hela's gate; 



90 VALHALLA. 

On rode Odin; from Earth came sound 

Of moaning over Baldur's fate. 
Reached he soon the eastern portal 
Whence returns no Hving mortal, 
Chaunted loud the Saga's song-spell 
Which shades shall call from death and hell. 

Forth from the tomb the Vala came, 
Foreboding shape of woe and ill; 
'^ What man art thou, — called by what name, — 
Who dares disturb my rest at will ? 

Dead have I lain long years gone by. 

The snows of winter on me lie, 

The rains have washed my bleached bones dry. 
Long since the worms have ate their fill; 

And now thou 'rt come to break my rest, — 

Speak ! 1 must answer thy behest T 

" Vegtam my name is, Valtam's son. 
And come I now to question thee; 
Behold these seats ! see every one 

Bedecked with rings and jewelry ; 
For whom prepared ? The mead is set. 

The foaming draught with shield laid o'er: - 



ODIN S VISIT TO THE VALA. 9 1 

For whom the feast ? the .guest stays yet ! 
Can gods withhold from Hela's shore?" 

" For Baldur gleams the beaker bright, 

His seat is set by Hela's side : 
Compelled to speak by power of might, 

Silent henceforward I abide. 
Hoedur, by Loki's fraud led on, 
Blind arbiter of sighs and tears ! 

Will slay the bright, the mighty One, 
And bring the end on Odin's heirs. 

But, see! th' avenger, Vali, come, 
Sprung from the west, in Rindus' womb, 
True son of Odin ! one day's birth ! 
He shall not stop nor stay on earth 
His locks to comb, his hands to lave. 
His frame to rest, should rest it crave, 
Until his mission be complete. 
And Baldur's death find vengeance meet." 

"Close not thy lips! I further seek 

The name of her who will not mourn. 
Who will not weep for Baldur meek, 
But scornful smiles from eve till dawn." 



92 VALHALLA. 

'•' Thou art not Wegtam, as I deemed ! 
Closed are my lips forever more." 

'' Nor art thou Vala, as thou seemed ! 
No seeress thou of Hela's shore, 
But mother of the giants dread, 
Appointed guarders of the dead !" 

'' Ride on, great Odin! thou hast found 
Answers to all that troubled thee ; 

1 to my cold sleep under ground. 
Will lay me calm and quietly. 

Compelled, unwilling, have I said; 

My words shall weigh on thee as lead. 

Never for man shall ope my tomb 

Till fatal Ragnarock be come !"' 

So homeward thro' dark Hela's shade 
Odin his upward journey made; 
Passe.d close beside the waters still 
That lave the roots of Igdrasil; 
Nor heeded Valkyr's greetings fair, 
When now he reached the purer air; 
That air to him breathed but one sigh,- 
'' Baldur the Beautiful must die !" 



baldur's death. 93 

BALDUR'S DEATH. 

With mournful brow and heavy eye, 

Came Odin to Valhalla's gate, 
And passed the fateful Nornir by. 

But found within all joyful state; 
For ^sir strong and Vingolf fair 
Had met in Baldur's honor there. 
And placed him in their midst on high, — 
A mark for spear and archery; 
Most god-like of the gods was he. 
And proven deathless now to be. 

Huge rocks and mighty boulders Thor 
Hurled with full force, but without harm ; 

And Vidar, with the Thunderer, — 

And Njordj — the Sun-god bore a charm ! 

Loki alone stood silent by; 

Mad, jealous hate was in his eye; 

Swift his device, — as ancient dame. 

He to the loving Mother came, 

And thro' fair words the secret found, — 

That all in, on, above the ground, 

Except the feeble mistletoe, 

Had sworn to shield her son from woe. 



94 VALHALLA. 

Then loud laughed Loki ! swift returned, 
The slighted plant within his hand, 

Soon the bhnd Hoedur he discerned; 
Then, giving him the tender wand, — 
*' Wherefore, O Hoedur ! dost not pay 

Due honor to this festal day ? 

Dost thou not see the .-Esir great 

Think it not ill to show him state ? 

Bhnd as thou art, I'll lead to where 

Bright Baldur stands, a target fair; 

Thou knowest well, Creation now 

To work no ill has taken vow." 

Blind Hoedur threw, — ah, woe I the dart 
By Loki from the frail plant shred, 

Pierced fatal to the Sun-god's heart. 
Baldur the Beautiful lay dead ! 

Dead lay the Sun-god. Never more 

Should summer-light stream from his brow 

To do him honor, to the shore 
Came Odin, with the .-Esir now ; 

Heroic souls, by Valkyr led, 

Ljus-Alfers, Vans, thro' sorrow sped 



HERMODUR S VISIT TO HELA. 95 

To swell the train that mourned the dead. 
Near, with bent brows, the Thunderer stood; 
While Hoedur, bowed 'neath weight of blood, 
All shod with silence, slow drew near 
To weep with him their brother dear. 

On swift Hringhorni's giant prow 

Baldur the Beautiful they laid, — 
The burning ship must bear him now 

Thro' gloomy skies of gathering shade; 
Dull yellow fringe on pale gold shroud 
Gleamed coldly 'neath the wintry cloud. 
Then Odin lit the funeral pyre, — 
Out to the north, in streams of fire, 
To Saga's call his spirit sailed, 
While Nature's heart his loss bewailed. 
Ne'er shall the mild god hasten home 
Till fatal Ragnarock be come. 



HERMODUR'S VISIT TO HELA. 

Sad Mother ! watching her dear son 
Borne by the burning ship away, 



96 VALHALLA. 

Dreamed might be Loki's work undone 

Should she to Hela ransom pay. 
With veiled head and mournful brow, 
Then did she to the .-Esir go, 
And sought which of them all would prove 
The depth and greatness of his love, 
By riding swift to Elvidnir, 
Ransom from Hel the White-God dear, 
xVnd bring him back, the loved of all. 
Safe to his seat in Asgard's hall. 

At once Hermodur claimed the quest, 
Mounted Sleipnir, who saddled stood. 

And never sought he stay nor rest 
Till he nine days had been on road; 

Then, on the tenth, he came to where 

The bridge of glass hung on a hair 

Thrown o'er the river terrible, — 

The Gioll, boundary of Hel. 

Now here the maiden, Alodgud, stood 

Waiting to take the toll of blood, — 

A maiden horrible to sight, 

Fleshless, with shroud and pall bedight. 



HERMODUR S VISIT TO HELA. 97 

As swift Hermodur thundered by, — 

^'Stop!'' quoth the maiden, *^give thy name ! 
Thou hast not hue of those who die; 

Only yestreen five dead troops came, 
Yet trembled not this bridge so much 
Beneath their tread as thy one touch." 

And when he asked, ^^ Did Baldur ride 
Down to the dead wTthin her sight ?" 
" E'en now," she answered, '^ at the side 

Of Hel he feasts in halls of night." 
On rode Hermodur. Fearful Garm, 
The Hel-dog, bayed, nor caused alarm; 
The Nornir dread, by Igdrasil, 
Could not withstay him 'gainst his vail. 
So he to dark Elvidnir came. 
And there invoked Hel's mighty name, — 
Gave Friga's message, told her how 
All nature mourned for Baldur now. 
And prayed her set the White-god free, 
That joy in Asgard's halls might be. 

"And is it so?" swift answered Hel; 
" Now shall the truth of this appear ! 



98 VALHALLA. 

If all things loved thy God so well 

No loss of Baldur need thou fear. 
Let all things from fair Nature's birth, 
Breathing or breathless, on the earth, 
For him, throughout creation, mourn ; 
And then your Sun-God shall return." 

Back rode Hermodur to the hall 

Where Friga and the ^sir stayed ; 
There, filled with hope, he told them all 

What promises dark Hela made. 
Already light seemed to return, 
For did not Nature e'en now mourn ? 
What breathing thing, or without breath, 
That would not mourn for Baldurs death ? 

Quick o'er the earth great Friga sent 

Her mandate that all things should weep 

And gods and Vanir loving lent 

Their powerful aid, that all should keep 

A day of universal woe 

To ransom Baldur from below. 

Now, as Hermodur homeward rode 
From bearing Friga's message forth. 



HERMODUR S VISIT TO HE LA. 99 

A giantess, all shameless, strode 

From a dark cave that fronts the north. 
Veilless her head, imdimmed her eye. 
A hateful smile her lips shone nigh; — 
'Twas Loki, in the form of Thokt, 
Who, evil, at the summons mocked. 
''If so thou please, let Nature wail; 
Without 7ny tears 'twill not avail. 
Why should / weep, whose heart is dry ? 
Weeping and wailing, none will I ! 
Living or lifeless, ill or well. 
Let Baldur bide his time with Hel 1" 
Then, with loud laughter, Thokt was gone. 
But where she stood a stream poured dovvii. 

Hermodur sad returned, and slow, — 
Through Asgard spread the words of woe, 
" Baldur the Beautiful shall ne'er 
From Hel return to upper air ! 
Betrayed by Loki, iiuice betrayed. 
The prisoner of Death is made ; 
Ne'er shall he 'scape the place of doom 
Till fatal Ragnarock be come !" 



PART NINTH 



KING ^GIR'S FEAST. 




OW Loki's last, worst work was done. 

Triumphant Wrong, exalted high, 
Overshadowed even Odin's throne. 
And dimmed the glow o'er Earth and 
sky. 
Weeping and gloom 
Fill'd Valhal'sdome; 
The stars gleamed pale 
Thro' Heaven's cloud-veil; 
Fair Day reined back his steed of light, 
Exultant rode forth Jotun Night; 
Lost in the consciousness of woe, 
All purposeless the .F]sir go. 



KING iEGIR S FEAST. lOI 

Withered the Earth ! 
Creation's birth 
Reeled bHndly 'neath the staggering blow. 

Baldur, defenceless, innocent, 
Naught but his shining purity 
'Gainst evil deeds as surety. 

To Hela's feast by craft was sent. 

Evil before, 
Now more and more 
Evil and base the traitor grew ; 
Lower and lower fell he ever, 
Only for ill his each endeavor; 
Fled from his heart the pure and true ; 
A reckless raging 
Each power engaging. 
Until to all his very name 
Symbol of craft and hate became ; 
While, still defiant, held he high 
His haughty head, 'neath lowering sky. 
Yet still, tho' lost, upon his face 

x\t times a grace 
Faint glimmered of the ancient day 
When he and Odin, one in soul, 



I02 VALHALLA. 

Mingled their love in flowing bowl ; 
A transient gleam, — a semblance cast 
By shadVy mem'ries of the past, — 
Arising dim to fade away. 

Now, to assauge the high gods' grief 
x\nd bring their mourning some relief. 
From coral caves 
'Neath ocean waves, 
Mighty King ^F^gir 
Invited the ^^sir 
To festival 
In Hlesey's hall; 
• That, tho' for Baldur, every guest 
Was grieving yet, 
He might forget 
Awhile his woe in friendly feast. 

The vexed waves heard the summons given; 
From white lips hissed their wrath to Heaven 

Who joy or feasting e'er should know 

While Baldur sat with Hel below ? 

Panting, heaving, restless waters ! 

Sobbing, moaning, ^F^gir's daughters ! 



KING ^GIRS FEAST. 103 

Bellowing in sullen roar, 
Beating on the rock-girt shore, 
Tumbling wild in dismal tide, 
Whitening all the deep sea wide, 
The booming surges thundering fell 
O'er sunken rocks in hoarse, sad swell, 
While the thick mists flaunted high 
Funeral banners to the sky. 
Weeping waters ! 
^gir's daughters, 
Unforgetful, 
And regretful. 
Wailing over Baldur's fate; 
While far below 
Their mournful flow', 
On throne of state 
Sat King ^gir. 
Who the ^sir 
Would feast at banquet rarely great. 

Beneath the watery dome. 

With crystalline splendor. 

In radiant grandeur, 
Upreared the sea-god's home. 



I04 VALHALLA. 

More dazzling than foam of the waves, 
E'er glimmered and gleamed thro' deep caves 
The glistening sands of its floor, 
Like some placid lake rippled o'er. 
Lights opalescent 
Glowed phosphorescent 
Thro' its sparkling emerald walls ; 
Flowers the fairest, 
Rich treasures rarest, 
Lavish decked its billowy halls; 
Bright shells from ocean's bed. 
Gem-like, their luster shed, 
Twinkling in rays most bright. 
Mingled their gleaming 
Brilliantly beaming 
Rainbow-like light. 

Myriad things of ocean. 

With soft gliding motion, 

Through branched coral grove 

Would dartingly rove, 
Thro' blooms and o'er palm trees, 

'Mid mosses and sea-fan, 
Swayed by the cool breeze 



KING iEGIR S FEAST. 105 

In the grottoes of Ran. 

While thro' crystal gulfs were gleaming 

Ocean depths, with wonders teeming ; 
Shapes of terror, huge, unsightly, 

Loomed thro' vaulted roof translucent ; 
Silver finned nsh swam lightly. 
Sparkling showers scatt'ring brightly, — 

Phosphorescent rays pelucent. 

Devouring Ran, by ^gir's side. 
Smiled, treacherous, thro' the feast-hall wide. 
In festive state awaited they 
Their JEsir guests to deep Hlesey. 
At length a conch-shell, hung on high. 

Rang hoarse and loud, 

A greeting proud. 
As Odin and his numerous train 

To hall drew nigh ; 
While Heimdal, with great Gjallar-horn, 
Answered the notes, on ripples borne, 

In clear refrain. 

Then Vans and ^sir, mighty gods, 
Of Earth, and air, and Asgard, lords — 



io6 Valhalla. 

Advancing with each goddess fair, 
A brilHant retinue most rare, — 
Attending mighty Odin, swept 

Up wave-worn aisle in radiant march, 
Thro' pillared crystals, glittering bright, 
Fair diamond lamps, dispersing light. 
Around them briny breezes crept. 
Wafting them on 
To ^gir's throne 
'Neath billowy arch, 
Where fountains flowing, filled with mead, 
And goblets wreathed with bright sea-weed, 
For them abounded ; 
While songs resounded 
Loud and high 
In welcoming cry. 
As near and nearer, drew they nigh. 

With burnished gold helm, at their head 
Great Odin up the feast-hall led, — 
Mighty father of the ^sir ! 
With his bride, the blue-eyed Friga ; 
Azure robes around her flowing. 
Heron-crested, 



KING iEGIR S FEAST. 1 07 

Snow-white breasted, 
Love upon her soft Hps glowing 
For her lord, — her heart's desire. 

Freya close beside was treading, 
Dazzling rays around her shedding 
From the starry wreath of light, — 
Sun-worlds, — glowing scarce so bright 
As fair Beauty's lovely queen 
Hast'ning on thro' crystal sheen. 

Sweet Bragi, Njord, Forseti mild, 
And gold-curled Sif, the spouse of Thor, 
With Vidar, .Frey, and many more, 
Up thro' the central nave defiled; 
Absent alone the Thunderer. 
As close to JEgii's throne they drew. 
With ev'ry step the conches blew; 

The shrill notes rang, 

And skoal loud sang ! 

Skoal to each guest 

At ^F^gir's feast. 

Higher and louder swelled the glee. 
Merrier the festivity ! 



Io8 VALHALLA. 

When, suddenly, in shadow fell 

A shade from Hel 

The hall within; 

A figure tall 
Crept in by stealth, — a: shape of sin ! 
Twas Loki reared his hateful form ; 

Like lull in storm, 
A dismal silence shrouded all, 
x\nd ended the high festival. 




PART TENTH 



LOKTS PUNISHMENT, 




LONE, forlorn, 

Apart withdrawn, 

An outcast, Loki leant 
'Gainst coral feast-seat in the aisle; 
On traitor shameless each the while 

Reproachful glances bent. 

^' Now, wherefore art thou hither come, 
An unsought guest, in ^gir's home ? 

At festival 

In banquet hall. 
For thee, behold ! no seat is set ; 
No flowing mead thy lips shall wet. 



no VALHALLA. 



Depart ! thou scourge of x\sgard's race 1 
Among the gods thou hast no place." 

Twas Bragi spoke; 
From Loki broke 
Resounding words of insult vile; 
'* Confusion on all 
Within this hall ! 
Death to the ^sir ! 
Ruin to ^gir ! 
May flames of Surtur 

Destroy ye all I 
Empty your pleasures, 
Worthless your treasures : 
In a brief while 

Cometh your fall. 
Even now Hela 
Glares at Valhalla ! 
Never, ye gods ! again 
Shall meet your festive train 
At banquet high. 
Lo I darkened sky 
Attests my power. 
In woeful hour 



LOKl'S PUNISHMENT. Ill 



Your Baldur fell thro' subtle art ; 

I plucked the dart 
That, surely, pierced the Sun-God's heart. 

When Nature wept, 

As Thokt, I kept 
My tearless watch, lest he 
From Hela's kingdom freed might be. 

From earhest dawn 

Of Time's young morn, 

On Asgard's hill. 

My steadfast will 
Opposed you in each high endeavor ; 

Fair tho' I seemed, — 

Friend, as ye deemed, — 
A double game I played you ever. 
Triumphant, tho' I now give way ; 

The stronger ye 

This time may be. 
Soon, ^sir ! comes the woeful day ! 
Dread Ragnarock ye none can stay ; 
Then my fierce power shall Valhal know, 
And Asgard feel me open foe. 



112 VALHALLA. 

'' Tremble, ye ^sir ! 
And you, King ^gir ! 
Hark how fierce Fenrir 
Howls loud and long ! 

Now, Odin ! speed 
Valkyriar, 

Your maids of war; 
For in Valhalla 

Soon is there need 
Of brave and strong 

Einheriar ! 

'' Ye fair-faced goddesses ! Not one, 
By Beauty's light or Wisdom's ray. 
Can turn away 
The woe begun. 
Soon, ravening, shall 
Thro' proud Valhal, 
And bright Vingolf, 
Rage the Gray Wolf ! 
No seat have /, as welcome guest. 
At this your feast ! 
Where horrors dwell 
In halls of Hel, 



LOKl'S PUNISHMENT. II3 

Behold ! a mightier feast is spread, — 

Meats that nourish, 

i\nd cause to flourish 
The ghastly armies of the Dead. 
Above, loud crows your golden Cock ! 

Once hath the sound 

Echoed around ! 
The third time heralds Ragnarock 1" 

Scoffing he spoke, and sneering gazed 
On throng assembled; — mute, amazed, 
They, listening, stood an instant's space. 

Then wrath swelled high, 

Darkened each eye, 

Convulsed each face ! 
Stung by insulting taunt, 
Enraged at odious vaunt. 
Quick to his feet each, furious, sprang; 
Thro' dome and arch deep curses rang ! 
When, suddenly, a peal of thunder 
Shivered the crystal gulfs asunder; 
With lurid ray, fierce lightnings played. 

Reflected bright 

In diamond light. 



114 VALHALLA. 

'Gainst billowy wall 
Of banquet hall, 
While winds and waves loud tumult made. 
Then quaked the undulating floor, 
Quivered each amber lamp, 
Each \^Teath of sea-weed damp ; 
Rocked the translucent dome ; 
Deep aisles were flecked \\ith foam. 
It was the mighty Thunderer, Thor ! 

S^^ift drawing nigh 

With flashmg eye 

And flaming beard, 

Wroth, mutt'ring low 

'Neath bended brow, 
He raised great Mjohiir high; 
On traitor vile he glared 

Before the dread 

Avenger's tread 

Back Loki shrank, 

'Mid steel swords* clank, 
And, craven ! trembling fled ! 

Mad for vengeance, wild with hate. 
Forth the gods, infuriate, 



LOKI'S PUNISHMENT. II 



From gay halls in coral caves, 
Rushed thro' surging, swelling waves ! 

In fearful race. 

To Loki chase 
The wrathful JEsir gave ! 
Now^, thro' boiling whirlpools darting, 
Hissing depths, asunder parting; 
Now, the foaming billows breasting, 
Never for a moment resting ; 
Until, wearied out at length. 
Gathering all his failing strength 

Himself to save. 
The traitor, to a salmon changing, — 

Slipping, sliding, 

Doubling, gliding. 
Beneath a roaring cascade ranging, 
Halted for an instant's space. 

In that instant's pause for breathing, — 
Waters 'round him frothing, seething. 
Sides with fear and flight fast heaving, — 
His fierce enemies perceiving 
Golden scales thro' foam-clouds flashing, 
On him dashing, 



Il6 VALHALLA. 

Seized and bound him, firmly lashing 

Struggling form with horrid coils. 
Fettered by the entrails torn 
From his own son, Jotun-born, 
Laid he, hopeless, in the toils ; 
While the ^sir, mocking, taunting. 
Chained him — powerless and panting, — 
Fast to a triple-pointed rock. 
Till freed by final battle -shock. 
Ere they left him in his anguish. 
O'er his treacherous brow ungrateful, 
Skadi hung a serpent hateful. 
Venom-drops for aye distilling, 
Every nerve with torment filling ; 
Thus shall he in horror languish. 



^g. 



By him, still unwearied kneelin^ 

Sigyn at his tortured side, — 
Faithful wife ! with beaker stealing 

Drops of venom as they fall, — 

Agonizing poison all ! 
Sleepless, changeless, ever dealing 

Comfort, will she still abide; 
Only when the cup's o'erflowing 



LOKIS PUNISHMENT. II7 

Must fresh pain and smarting cause, 
Swift, to void the beaker going. 
Shall she in her watching pause. 
Then doth Loki 
Loudly cry ; 
Shrieks of terror. 
Groans of horror. 
Breaking forth in thunder peals ! 
With his writhings scared Earth reels. 
Trembling and quaking. 
E'en high Heav'n shaking ! 
So wears he out his awful doom, 
Until dread Ragnarock be come. 



lu this poem, Loki's final capture and punishment only is told. 
Escaping from the banquet hall of ^gir, he fled to the mountains, 
where he secreted himself until discovered by Odin, who, with the 
rest of the -Esir, went in pursuit. Loki, to avoid capture, assumed 
the form of a salmon, but was finally taken by Thor. 




PART ELEVENTH. 



RAGNAROCK 




WAS done ! th' avenging deed was 
wrought ! 
Alas, too late ! 
Decrees of Fate 
With judgment fraught 
Must be obeyed. 
With Baldur dead 
Pure Peace and Innocence had fled ; 
When his swift, shining course was stayed, 
Then darkness gathered o'er the Earth, 
Strife and Corruption sprang to birth. 
Tho' 1 oki lay fast bound below. 
The seeds of woe 



RAGNAROCK. II9 

Were sown broadcast; 
Nearer and nearer drew the hour, 
Blacker and fiercer grew the power 
That should o erwhelm all things at last. 

Grim Fimbul raged, and o'er the world 
Tempestuous winds and snow-storms hurled ; 
The roaring ocean icebergs ground, 
And flung its frozen foam around 
E'en to the top of mountain height ; 

No warming air, 

Nor radiance fair 
Of gentle Summer's soft'ning light. 
Tempered this dreadful glacial night. 

Three other winters howled abroad 
With furious storms of ice and hail ; 
Beneath the might of fearful gale 
Earth trembled; while, thro' wild abyss, 
The seas around, upthundering, roared 
To sable skies, with moan and hiss ! 
Crag hurled on crag with deaf 'ning crash ; 
Great Igdrasil, beneath the lash 
Of tempest shock, all quivering stood ; 



I20 VALHALLA. 

The blackened skies were flecked with blood 
By raging powers of Darkness riven 
From their fixed orbits in the heaven, 
The palUd stars were ruthless driven 

Thro' flying cloud. 
Hoarse earthquakes bellowed loud ; 
Crumbled the rocks ; forests down bowed ! 
Forth burst the hot volcanic stream ; 
Flashed forth the fatal lightning's gleam ; 
Streamed sheets of flame to lurid sky; 
Devouring tongues of fire rose high, 
Did mighty Igdrasil enshroud, 
And Time expired in burning flood. 

All bonds were burst ; 

Troops of accursed 
Tore rampant thro' the Earth and air ; 
The gloomy hordes of Night roamed free ; 
The powers that erst from Chaos came — 
Fire and Water, Darkness, Death — 
'Gainst Earth and Asgard strove in wrath. 
More fiercely than the lurid glare 
Of conflagration, hideously 
Shone on men's faces Murder's flame ! 



RAGNAROCK. I 2 I 

Brother slew brother — father, child ; 
Men turned to tigers, mad for gore ! 
Creation raged ! war followed war ; 
Impiety, Injustice piled 
Huge heaps of horror to the sky ; 
Passion, and Fear, and every crime 
Mad riot held thro' this dread time — 
Undaunted, reared their pale heads high ! 

So came, with blood and tempest shock, 

Wild Ragnarock ! 

The Day of Doom — 

The hour was come ! 
Shrill crowed Valhalla's golden Cock ! 
The crimson bird of Hel replied. 
Fierce Fenrir flung his fetters wide. 
Deep howling, rushed with ravening jaws. 
Nostrils flame flashing, outstretched claws. 
Hot eyeballs glaring for his prey ; 
On-leaping thro' the gulfs of air. 
With jaws agape from Earth to Heaven, 
A yawning chasm of red fear 1 
Well knew the Wolf, that awful Day, 
What prey should to his maw be given. 



122 VALHALLA. 

In giant wrath, the Serpent tossed 

In ocean depths, till, freed from chain. 

He rose upon the foaming main ; 

Beneath the lashings of his tail. 

Seas, mountain high, swelled o'er the land ; 

Then, darting mad the waves acrost, 

Pouring forth bloody froth like hail, 

Spurting with poisoned, venomed breath 

Foul, deadly mists o'er all the Earth, 

Thro' thundering surge, he sought the strand. 

Over the lurid ocean flew 

The Death-ship, Nagelfari, dread, 

Filled with Hrimthursar, led by Hrym, 

Bearing huge rocks ; the winds that blew 

And sped it on this final time. 

Were dying sighs of mortal dead. 

Now at the head of Hei's pale host, 
Those livid armies of the lost, 
The unchained Loki furious came. 
Grimmer and closer, thro' the gloom 
On pressed they to the plain of Doom. 
Scorching on high, rolled pillared flame ; 



RAGXAROCK. • 1 23 

With bayings that thro' Nature pierced, 
From Gnipa, Garm, the Hel-Dog, burst ; 
In mad, chaotic rout, 
Thro' baleful light. 
The powers of Night 
Reeled and careered about ! 

Amid the hideous din, 
Confusion dire, 
The blackened Heav'ns were rent in twain ; 

Thro' the jagged rift. 

With dazzling radiance swift, 

Streamed the World of Fire ! 

'Gainst the hosts of Sin, 
On hastening to broad Vigrid's plain, 
The blazing sons of Muspel rode : 
Thro' gloomy clouds their pathway glowed. 

Down thro' the fields of air. 

With glittering armor fair, 

In battle order bright. 

They sped, while seething flame 

From rapid hoof strokes came. 
Leading his gleaming band, rode Surtur, 
'Mid the red ranks of raging fire ; 



124 VALHALLA. 

His very sword a ray of light 

Snatched from the Sun ! 

Flinging on high 
Flame banners flaunting to the sky, 
Onward they came at headlong pace ; 
The Rainbow Bridge, 'neath furious race, 
Shivered and sank — its work was done ! 

White as the winter snows. 
Great Heimdal now arose — 
Valhalla's Warder, 
High Heaven's Guarder ! — 

Siezed his huge trump and boldly blew. 

Loudly and long thro' Asgard rang 

Great Gjallar-horn, with startling clang ! 

That summons well the JEsir knew ! 

Then, for the third time, crowed the Cock, 

Assembling all for Ragnarock ! 

As thro' the Heavens the summons rang, 
Swift to their Chief the ^sir sprang ! 
Fresh armor seized from steel-draped hall : 
Exulting loud in awful joy 
That conflict mighty should employ 



RAGNAROCK. I 25 

Once more their might, 

E'en though the fight 
Should end in Asgard's fatal fall ; 
For, high o'er Vigrid's gory plain, 
The .^sir saw fair Gimli's fane. 

Little delay was in that hour : 

Great Odin gathered all his power ! 

Ah ! well for him that to his feasts 

Had bidden he such warrior guests. 

Now, wakened by Valkyriar, 

Brave armies of Einheriar 

With stiffened fingers bound on swords ; 

With shield and lance, 

'Mid bright spears' glance. 
Pressed on amid the hastening gods. 
Then, gold-helmed Odin at their head, 
Valhalla's hosts to Vigrid led j 
With polished armor shining bright. 
And cuirass gleaming thro' the night. 
On to the final battle sped. 
Close by his side, the Thunderer. 
With Odin, Fenrir closed in strife ! 
Awful and strong 



126 VALHALLA. 

That contest long, 

For death and Hfe ! 
Powerless to aid was mighty Thor ; 
'Gainst him the fell World-Serpent raged, 
And all his ^^sir powers engaged ! 

Blood-stained the helmet's burnished gold ! 
In struggles mad o'er Earth they rolled. 
At last, huge Fenrir's wide-stretched jaw 
Engulfed the God in grizzly maw ; 
Thus, by foul Loki's fearful son. 
Was greatest ill to Asgard done. 

Lo ! Vidar, as avenger, came 

Of Odin's fame 1 
The Monster in his mighty grasp, 

Resistless clasp, 
He seized; loud howlings broke. 
And far, affrighted echoes woke. 

Upon his writhing foe 

Planting his iron shoe. 
Rending and tearing with vast strength. 

Until, at length. 
Split he Fenrir's jaws asunder ! 



RAGNAROCK. 1 27 

The reft sky shook with deep death growls, 
And sharp, prolonged, hideous howls 
Like harsh peals of angry thunder. 
Scarce conquered was the Gray Wolf dread, 
E'er, with the life blood oozing slow 
From wound dealt forth by dying foe, 
On Fenrir foul fell Vidar, dead. 

Caught in the loathsome toils 

Of Jormungandur's coils. 

Thro' all this fearful war 
No aid could bear the Thunderer : 
The Serpent, armed with fatal sting, 
Loud clanking now with scaly side. 
Fierce fold on fold out-lapping wide. 

With toss and fling 
To crush the ^sir-champion tried. 
At length. 
With wondrous strength. 
Great Thor the horrid coils off flung ; 
Beneath the blows of Mjolnir dread, 
The savage Monster, stricken dead. 
In jet-black gore lay weltering. 
But, in that awful combat, stung 



128 VALHALLA. 

By venomed fang, nine steps and more 
Back recoiled the unconquered Thor, 
And in his last World- Victory died. 

Once, high in Valhal held a god, 
But now, a fallen shape abhorred, 
Condemned for ill 
Stern doom to fill. 
Full long had Loki writhed enchained, 
Tormented, tortured, agonized ; 

Stretched at gigantic length, 

Useless his Jo tun strength. 
Tearing at iron fetters fast ; 
Heavings and howlings — all in vain ! 
There had he tossed long ages past. 
Revolving schemes of deeds accursed, 
Wild hopes of wrath and vengeance nursed ; 
For these, alone, he freedom prized. 
That, with his pristine power regained. 
He hatred fierce might wreak at last ; 
Joyful to him was Vigrid's plain. 

Roused to fresh ire at Fenrirs fall. 
Up-towered in rage his figure tall. 



RAGNAROCK. 1 29 

Breathing defiance deep and loud, 
Leading ahead Hel's ghostly crowd, 
With vengeful lust, the ^sir sought. 

Swift o'er the held. 

With brazen shield, 

And lance in rest. 
Great Heimdal rushed to meet the foe 

'Mid streams of gore, 

While shout and roar 

And thunderous blow 
Convulsed the earth, the ^ther split ; 
There, thro' the rift with flames alit. 
Bright Muspel's sons in awful gaze. 
One instant glaring in amaze. 
Marked how in frenzied fight they fought. 
Then, in death-struggle, wildly pressed, 
Infuriate, grappling breast to breast, 
In vengeful arms they, gasping, reeled. 

The universal fury swelled 

Fiercer on high ! 

The vaulted sky. 

High arched with flame. 

Resounded with the deaf 'ning clang 



130 VALHALLA. 

Which, deep below, in earthquakes rang. 
Minions advancing hosts repelled, 
^^^lom millions met and fought, unquelled I 
From air, and earth, and sea, there came 

Throngs until now in bondage held ; 
Down from their cloudy prisons swept 
The sons of ^-Egir, fettered kept 
By thunderbolt and lightning's chain. 
P'rom seething whirlpools of the main, 
Up ^-Egir sprang \N-ith Ran's dank train 

Of pallid Drowned; while ravening waves. 
Huge, rearing high their foaming breasts, 
Destruction bearing on their crests, 

To battle rushed from ocean caves. 
Terrific conflict! each on field, 
Alone, could devastation wield. 
Host surged on host : then, rallying, flew 
To join more fierce the strife anew. 
Xo thought of flight ! 
On his o^^^l might 
Each in this mad ning hour relied. 
Down to her very central point 
Trembled the earth; thro' every joint 
Of pale Creation's quiv'ring frame, 



RAGNAROCK. 131 

Confusion wild, and warring came : 

Till, darting down from scorching sky, 
Great Surtur flung his fiery brand ! 
In conflagration flared the land, 

Shrivelled like scroll the heaven high; 
Above, below, surrounding fire 
Still mounting higher, 
Played lurid 'gainst the crumbHng home 
Of Valhal's gods in Asgard's dome. 

Ended the frightful war. 
Alone, as conqueror. 
Stood Surtur, Victor! 
With ruined Nature's birth, 
Down sank the blackened Earth 
In boiling sea. 
All smould'ring fell ! 
That which from Chaos came, 
To Chaos back returned ; 
Disastrously, 
In the eclipse of Asgard's lords, 
Faded the twilight of the gods. 
At length one universal fiame. 
Enwrapping distant spheres, high burned; 



\'ALHALLA. 



Laid on one mighty funeral pyre, 

Forth flashed in fierce consuming fire, 

In World-blaze dread, — Earth, Heaven and Hell ! 



■.^^ 




PART TWELFTH. 



REGENERATION 




O Chaos wild again 
Reigned o'er Creation's fane. 
P'oul Loki"s brood had given birth 
To fear in Heav'n/ and crime on Earth. 

So deep had sunk corruption's stain, — 

So far had spread dark sin and pain, — 
That Death alone 
Could e'er atone ; 

While thro' the flames of Surtur's sword 

Alone could peace, be yet restored. 

When that dread World-blaze flared on high, 

Mingling in ruin earth and sky, — 



134 VALHALLA. 

The lurid glow, still mounting higher. 
Shone forth, — a god-sent purifier. 

'Twas past. The Fire-God's work was done. 

Died down the flame; 

Weak Nature's shame 
Submerged in depths of shoreless sea; 
The charred skies, the smoke-wreaths gray, 
With battle's din, had passed away; 

Day had begun ! 

All gloriously 

Thro' Heaven's broad fields of trackless light, 

With splendors bursting thro' the night, 

The fairer daughter of the Sun 

Rode forth on her celestial way 
Round ether main. 

Where starry isles strew thick the plain ; 

One dazzling blaze 

Of cloudless days 
Flooded all worlds with ecstacy. 

Triumphantly 
Stept forth the High and Mighty One 

From mansions of Eternity, 
Where rests for aye His golden throne ; 



REGENERATION. 1 35 

To Whom Time was a moment's birth; 
Strong with the strength of Heaven and Earth, 
Victorious o er sin and pain, 
With wondrous majesty stiall reign 
In judgment's solemn panoply. 

Then the Tife-giving Spirit spoke; 

And sudden broke 
Up from the bosom of the sea, 

Most beateously, 
The vernal Earth, ambrosial; 
Fair as the smile of new-born light. 
And fairer far than when at dawn 
Of young Creation's early morn, 
Up-sprmging from chaotic night, 
She sang her praise to proud Valhal. 

Raising on high her forehead fair 
Crowned with sweet flowers of beauty rare, 
She smiled up to the crystal arch, 
Laughing with fountain's gurgling plash. 
And mountain streamlet's joyous dash; 

While shining planets far, 
Moving in liquid harmony 



136 VALHALLA. 

Around the Throne of Him most High, 
Pausing awhile in measured march, 
Poured down a flood of softened beams, 
Caught from blest Gimli's golden gleams, 
To greet their sister star. 

Decked in bright robes of living green, 
Enamelled o'er with flow'rets' sheen. 

Sweet Nature stood restored. 
Ripe unsown harvests clothed the hills; 

The murmuring rills 
Refreshing dews o'er meadows poured; 
The mantling vines, luxurious, hung 
With purple treasures richly fraught ; 

While sunbeams wrought, 
The leafy bowers of shade among, 
A network rare of gold with dusk ; 
Wide gardens of sweet-smelling musk. 
With jassamine and roses' scent. 
To perfumed air more perfume lent; 
Thick woods, whose boughs of fragrance flung 
Their spicy odors to the breeze. 
Rose in fresh coolness o'er the vale. 
And gently swayed to balmy gale; 



R EG K N K RATION. I 3 

The bending trees, 
With burnished fruit, were weighted deep ; 

While, from the steep. 
Rivers of joy rolled down each dale; 
On the sweet breeze that gently swelled 
From groves of cassia and of palm, _ 
Forth tuneful voices gaily welled 
From feathered songsters of the air. 
Whose gorgeous plumes, in colors bright, 
Flashed jewelled gleams of rainbow light, 
Mingled with roseate sunbeams fair. 
Caressing breaths of heavenly balm 
Young Nature lapped in blessed calm ; 
While throbbing pulses of the Earth 
Beat high at her glad second birth. 

Thro' all that doomful Day 
When Surtur's flames destroyed the world, 
And back to Chaos Nature hurled. 
Two gentle beings lay 
Concealed in Mimir's wood — 
Hodminir's forest deep; — unscathed, 
Unshaken by the tempest shock. 
In dreamless slumbers sweetly swathed. 



13^ VALHALLA. 

They, all unharmed, passed 'neath the brand, 
That burning sword which o'er all waved. 
Devouring else, air, sea, and land, — 
Alone, of all Creation, saved 
From that resistless fire and flood 
Of Time-destroying Ragnarock. 

Unconscious thro' that hideous strife. 

Awakened now to blissful life, 

Guileless and lovely, they arose 

In new-born strength and purity. 

All passion passed, with care and woes; 

Calmed now convulsed Creation's throes 

To peaceful rest and surity. 

Thro' all that night of horror dread 

On dews of morning they were fed; 

Now, lifting up their joyful eyes 

In rapturous wonder and surprise. 

They gazed around 
From ether vault to teeming ground. 
Above, the broad horizon's zone 
With orient effulgence shone; 
Beneath, the bounteous Earth sent up 
Unfading grass, and flow'ret's cup. 



REGENERATION. 1 39 

Filled with the wine of early dawn; 

With dew-drops gemmed, each emerald blade 

Within its gleaming, liquid light 

The image of the heavens displayed; 

Eternal spring breathed thro' the morn, 

And cast o'er all her halo bright. 

So beauteous lay, — so tranquilly, — 
The virgin daughter of the sea, 
That the two souls who on her gazed. 
Themselves most innocent and fair. 
All perfect 'mid perfection rare. 
By myriad blooming charms amazed. 
Received with joy this dwelling place. 
High altars to the gods they reared, 
Pure Gimli's fane they loved and feared ; 
So, blest and happy, chosen were 
As parents of a nobler race. 

Upon the perfume-breathing plain 
Of Idavoller, where before 
Stood Asgard's gold-roofed halls of yore, 
The joyous /Esir met again ; 
Conquerors from awful fight, 



140 VALHALLA. 

Grown pure thro' fire, grown strong with strife, 
Passed thro' dread death to endless hfe. 
As thro' dark bars to fane of hght : 

For Loki's reign was o'er. 
Xo more 
Should foul wrong, loathsome, side by side 
With peace and purity abide. 

Broken the power of Hel ; 

Freed from her gloomy chain, 
Baldur again 
Rose, luminous, from realms of night. 
All shapes of 111. as rolled away 
The T\dlight gloom before his ray, 
Back to their bonds appalled fell : 
On Vigrid's plain all evil died. 

That ereat Atonement-Dav, 
In godlike love, thro' godlike might, 
Led back the .Esir, purified. 
To firmer thrones and brighter halls 
Than e'er were found in Asgard's walls. 
Love smiled thro" all the universe : 
Arm linked in arm. in sweet converse, 
Baldur, with Hoedur seated nigh, 
In perfect peace and harmony. 



REGENERATION. 141 

Glad greetings gave exultantly, 
As up the heights to Ida's plain 
The happy ^^sir rose again, 
In the clear dawn, triumphantly. 

With crystal walls, gold-fretted roof, 
A new-built Valhal, tempest-proof. 

Towered aloft ; 
Without, within, all rich and rare, 
Steel to make strong, and jewels fair 

x\ll lavish spread 
O'er pavement broad, and vaulted dome ; 

While music soft 
Floated, full voiced, high overhead. 
Guiding the ^^sir to their home. 
Again the beakers deep brimmed o'er; 
Again the great gods' w^ondrous lore 
And mighty deeds of Eld were sung ; 

With runic rhyme 

Of earlier time 
Again the pillared Feast-Hall rung. 
But now no Battle-Maidens stood 
Round Odin's Throne, at hero-feast, 
With gory armor, shields of blood ; 



142 VALHALLA. 

All useless now Valk}Tiar, 
War brought forth no Einheriar, 

For war had ceased. 
High o'er young Earth and Ida's plain. 

By Gimli's fane — 
Close by the Throne of Him Most High- 
With folded wings, stood Victor)^ ; 
While sweetly thro' each sounding sphere, 
In tones that swelled on waves of air, 
He spoke, commanding " Peace ! " 
Gave chains to Death — to Pain, surcease. 

Wide thrown, lo ! Gimli's golden gate 
On most harmonious hinges swang. 
As, from His Everlasting Seat, 
Arrayed in majesty complete, 
The Judge Eternal, glorious, came, 
Weighing, supreme, all things create. 
Empires of Earth, of Heaven, of Hell I 
To farthest orbs His judgments rang. 
As from His lips just sentence fell. 
The fetid ranks of Sin shrank dowTi 

Beneath His frown. 
Thro' radiant vault of ether sky. 



REGENERATION. 1 43 

To HeFs domain of misery, 
On wings of hideous Nidhogg borne, 
In Nastrond's fearful stream to lie, 
'Neath serpents' fangs, in lurid flame, 

By Fenrir torn, 
Bound fast in adamantine chain 
In frightful depths of endless pain ; — 
Such was their doom of agony. 

Of fear and shame. 

More awful was their second doom. 
Exiled forever from His face, 
Removed far in anguished gloom ; 
To know, above on starry plain, 
In glories shown fair Gimli's fane. 
Where joy ecstatic bathed the good 

In endless flood ; 
While they, condemned, could gain no place 

E'en at His feet — 
Never the faintest ray might snatch, 
Nor e'en the dimmest shadow catch 

Of raptures sweet. 

Seated, now, in Gimli's portal, 
As before at Asgard's gate. 



144 VALHALLA. 

Fair Iduna, Maid Immortal, 

Shall the purer .-Esir wait. 
Songs of joyance ever singing, 

Skoals of triumph, sweet and clear, 
Thro' the vaulted dome are ringing, 

Echoing thro' crystal sphere. 

'' Passed is the gloom of night. 

Finished the fearful fight, 
A\'elcome, thrice welcome I to dories on hi2:h. 

For strivino^ and sadness. 

Now taste ye pure gladness ; 
Lo ! thro' the radiant, orient sky. 

From Gimli's wide portal. 

What splendors immortal 
Flash o'er your pathway, to Heav'n drawing nigh. 

Joy, joy to you, blest ones ! 

Behold I for you gold thrones 
Fixed 'neath the dome of Eternity rise ; 

The stars of the morning 

Sing sweet in the dawning ! 
Rest after conflict, the soul's dearest prize. 

Mount, then, ye heroes all. 

Hasten to Gimli's hall ; 
Near you, on golden wing, Victory flies ! " 



REGENERATION. 1 45 

Pausing awhile, more clear and high 
Awoke the notes triumphantly. 
On tuneful hinge, with music sweet, 
Back roll the gates most glorious 
The entering conquerors to greet. 
Then, bending from his lofty seat, 

The Judge Supreme, 
With smiles that e'er through Gimli gleam, 
Now welcomes these, victorious. 
Led by Iduna to His feet. 

Bowed low before th' Eternal Throne, 
A loftier measure still she sings ; 
Ten thousand harps with sounding strings 
Ascribe all praise to Him alone. 
His justice, might and wisdom own. 
Thro' listiiing orbs the chorus rings ; 
The hosts of Heav'n entranced stand 
Still in their paths, while echoes grand 
Roll in huge waves of ceaseless sound 
Those countless burning worlds around 

Too high, too pure, that wondrous strain. 
For Earth to catch e'en faint refrain ! 



146 



VALHALLA. 



Yet Still the exultant song rolls on 

For victory won ! 
The Twilight passed — dread Ragnarock 
Passed, with its furious battle shock — 
All joyful beams, with brillant ray, 
Regeneration's glorious Day ! 




ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF \OTES, 



A. 

^GiR. — The Northern Neptune j dwelt on the Isle of Hlesey, 
where at every harvest he entertained the gods. The last 
feast given to them was after Baldur's death, ended by the 
unbidden presence of Loki. -^gir was of giant race, but 
held intercourse with the gods. He ruled over ocean in its 
entirety. 

^gir's Daughters. — The waves personified. 

^gir's Sons. — The rain-drops and hail-stones personified. 

^siR. — The gods in Valhalla j of these Odin was chief. 

^sir-Trinity. — Odin, Vili and Ve, sons of Bor, creating the 
world. 

Al-Father.^ — The supreme God, without a beginning and with- 
out end, who should reign in the Regeneration. A title 
often given to Odin as father of the ^sir. 

Angurboda (Anguish-boding). — A giantess, the mother by 
Loki, of Fenrir, the Serpent, and Hela. 

Architect. — The Jotun, who, in disguise, contracted to build a 
castle of defense to Asgard, in payment to receive Freya, 
the Sun and Moon. The bargain was made through Loki • 
nor did the gods see their danger till three days before the 
castle was completed. Loki, under compulsion, lured away 
Svadilfari, the chief aid of the Jotun, who in his true form 
then attacked the gods ; he was slain by Thor. 

Asgard. — Home of the gods. 

AiK. — The Northern Adam ; created by the /Esir-Trinity, 
(Odin, Vili and Ve), from an ash tree. 

AuDHUMLA. — The cow formed from the frozen rime of Ginun- 
ga. From her udder flowed rivers of milk, on which Ymir 
was nourished. 



148 INDEX OF NOTtS. 

B. 

Baldur. — The Summer Sun-God j son of Odin by Friga; 
best-loved of all gods. Slain by Hodur, through the arti- 
lice of Loki. 

Berserker (Without armor i. — A warrior wild with martial 
hir\-; name derived from Arngrim, who, furious, fought un- 
armed, and conquered the King of Holmgard. 

Bifrost. — The Rainbow bridge joining Asgard to Earth; 
destroyed at Ragnarock by Surtur. 

BiLSKiRNiR. — The seat of Thor; symbolized the lightning. 

BoR. — Son of Buri, and father of Odin, Vili and Ve, by the 
Jotun woman, Bestla. 

Bragi. — God of Poetr}- and Song ; son of Odin. 

Buri the Producer). — The progenitor of the .^sir-Trinity; 
himself formed by the licking of the salt rime by Audhumla. 
On the first day, out grew from the stones the hairs of a 
man; on the second day, the head appeared; and, on the 
third day, forth sprang the man entire. 

D. 

Dagr, ok Day. — Son of Night, by Delling. 

Delling ; Day-break). — Of JE^s'ir race. 

Dwarfs. — Created out of the dust of the earth by the .^isir- 
Trinity; of Jotun race, but serving the gods. They dwelt 
in rocks, chiefly, and were metal-workers. Four ot them 
held up the corners of the sky. 

Dr.\gon's Bed. — A synonym for gold. 

Dwarfs' De.v. — A synonym for gold. 

E. 

Eagle of Igdras l. — Symbol of life, hovering over Igdrasil. 

Einheriar. — Heroes chosen from battle as allies for Odin against 
the Battle of Ragnarock; feasted by him in Valhalla. 



INDEX OF NOTKS. 



149 



Elvidnir (the place of Storms). — The hall of Hela in Nifl- 
hfcim. 

Embla. — The Northern Eve; formed by the ^sir-Trinity from 
an elm tree. 

Eyra. — The goddess of healing 3 she bound the wounds of the 
Einheriar in Valhalla. 

F. 

Fenrir,. — Personification of pain, also of earthly fire. Son of 
Loki by Angurboda. Bred up in Asgard, finally cast out, 
and bound with Gleipnir, in depths of eaith; the foam 
from his mouth formed the river Von; his tossings caused 
earthquakes. Through his outstretched jaws the ^-Esir 
thrust Odin's sword, the hilt on Earth, the point in Heaven. 
Loosed in Ragnarock, he swallowed Odin, and was slain by 
Vidar. 

FiMBUL. — The terrible winter which lasted three years, preceding 
Ragnarock. 

Fjorgyn. — Primeval Earth personified. Daughter of Night, and 
first wife of Odin. 

FoRSETi. — God of peace and justice. Son of Baldur by Nanna. 

Frey. — God of sunshine and soft rains. Of the Vanir, 
being son of Njcird by Skada; presided over fruitfulness 
of Earth. His spouse was Gerda, won after long resistance 
through Skirnir. Their union represented the coming of 
spring to the winter-Earth, In Ragnarock he was slain by 
Surtur. 

Freya — The Northern Venus. Goddess of love. Daughter 
of Njord by Skada, and next in rank to Friga. The wreath 
of stars, (Brisingamen) was her neeklace ; in Folkvang, 
her hall, she received pure women, and united faithful 
lovers. 

Friga. — The Northern Ceres. Daughter of Fjorgyn by Odin, 
whose wife she became, and queen of the gods. Personifi- 
cation of cultivated Earth. Patroness of industry and con- 
jugal love. She penetrated the future, but could not reveal 



150 INDEX OF NOTES. 



her knowledge, her lips being sealed by the heron's crown 
she wore. Foreseeing Baldur's fate, she took from Creation 
a vow not to injure him, neglecting only the mistletoe. 
Loki, visiting her as an old woman, discovered this, and 
hence Baldur's death. Hermoder obtained from Hela a 
promise to set him free, should all Creation weep for him. 
Loki as Thokt alone was tearless, and Baldur was lost. 

Frost Giants, or Hrimthursar. — Destructive Jotuns. Deadly 
influences in nature and in man's soul personified. Sprung 
from Ymir 5 they were finally drowned in his blood, save 
one pair who escaped and became progenitors of new Jotun 
races 

FuLLA (Fertility). — Maid of Friga, whose casket she bore. 



G. 

Garm. — Northern Cerberus. Hell-hound guarding Hela's 
realm. In Ragnarock Tyr and he destroyed each other. 

Gerda. — Daughter of the giant Gymerj wife of Frey. Symbol 
of the aiurora-borealis. 

GiMLi. — Dwelling of the pure, after Ragnarock. 

Ginunga-Gap. — The abyss of Chaos, placed before creation 
between Niflheim and Muspelheim j a bottomless chasm, 
filled with a fermenting mass of formless matter, flowing 
from the venom streams of Niflheim. 

GiOLL. — One of the venom-rivers, boundary of Hela's realm. 

Gjallar-Horn. — Heimdal's horn. 

Gleipnir. — The magic chain binding Fenrir; wrought by the 
dark elves, and brought to the gods by Skirnir. 

Gnipa Cave. — In Niflheim, where was chained Garm. 

Golden Apples. — Given by Iduna to renew youth to the gods. 

GoNDULA. — One of the Valkyriar. 

Gray Wolf. — Fenrir, Son of Loki. 



INDKX OF NOTES. 151 



H. 

Heimdal. — Northern Irisj warder of Bifrcist bridge. Sprung 
from the nine daughters of the waves, through the glow 
of Odin's eye. With Gjallar-Horn, he assembled y^sir and 
Einheriar at Ragnarock, when Loki and he fell together. 

Hela. — Daughter of Loki by Angurboda. Goddess of Death, 
ruling in Nifiheim. Divided the dead with Odin, receiving 
all cowards and evil-doers. 

Hermodur. — Son of Odin by Friga. Messenger of the gods j 
the Northern Mercury. 

Heron's Crown (Forgetfulness) . — Worn by Friga. 

Hlesey. — ^gir's abode beneath the ocean. 

HcEDUR. — Personification of darkness and ignorance Son of 
Odin by Friga. Blind slayer of his brother Baldur, by 
means of the mistletoe dart. 

Hodmimir's Wood. — Where the human pair were saved in Rag- 
narock. 

Hr.?:. — A giant in eagle guise, stationed in the North, causing 
storms by the flapping of his wings. 

Hrimfaxi. — Steed of Night, scattering frost and dew from his bit. 

Hrimthursar. — Frost giants, sprung from Ymir. 

Hrym. — The giant steering the ship Nagelfari at Ragnarock. 

Hringhorni. — The ship upon which Baldur's body was burned. 
It represented the whole world. 

I. 

Idavold, or Idavoller. — Asgard's plain, where the gods assem- 
bled after Creation, and where they met again in the Re- 
generation. 

Iduna. — Goddess of Immortality 5 daughter of the dwarf Ivald, 
and wife of Bragi. 

Igdrasil. — Tree of Life, having three roots, in Niflheim, Jotun- 



152 INDEX OF NOTIlS. 

heim and AsgarH. Mimir's Well was beneath the second, 
and the Urdar-fount by the last. Nidhogg gnawed the 
first. Scorched at Ragnarock, it revived in the Regenera- 
tion. 

J- 

JoRMUNGANDUR. — The MiJgard-Serpent, encircling the Earthy 
born of Angurboda, by Loki. In Ragnarock, Thor and 
he fell together. 

JoTUNS (Giants). — Earliest created beings, sprung from Ymir. 
Personifications of destructive natural elements and evil pas- 
sions in man. 

JoTUNHEiM (Home of Giants). — Utgard. 

JoTUN-woLVES. — Pursued Sun and Moonj in Ragnarock, over- 
rook and devoured them. 

L. 

Laufey (Leaf-isle). — Mother of Loki. 

Ljus-ALFEBS. — The light elves ; good spirits. 

Loki. — Son of Farbauti by Laufey, and foster-brother of Odin ; 
took part, under the name of Ve, in the creation of man, 
giving him the senses and passions. In primeval times, he 
was a benign power. Later, he became the embodied prin- 
ciple of evil. Constant worker of ill to Asgard and 
Earth. Captured by the gods, and bound with the entrails 
of his son Narfi, in depths of Earth. Freed in Ragnarock, 
then slain by Heimdal, who fell also. Earthquakes were 
thought to be caused by his writhings, and volcanoes by his 
fiery breath. 

M. 

MiDGARD. — Earth, formed by the Sons of Bor from the body of 
Ymir^ destroyed in Ragnarock by Surtur's flames, it sprang 
up more fair in the Regeneration. 

MiMiR. — Personification of memory j the all knowing giant 
keeper of the Well of Wisdom 5 slain by the Vanir, his 
head was sent to Odin, who had it embalmed, and thence- 
forth came to it for advice. 



INDEX OF NOTKS. 1 53 

Mimir's Well, (the Ocean). — Lying beneath the second root 
oflgdrasil. 

MjoLNiR. — Thor's hammer, made for him by the dwarfs. 

MoDGUD. — The skeleton maid taking toll from the dead who 
crossed the Gioll. The Northern Charon, 

Moon. — Brother of the Sun, and son of the giant Mundilfori, 
commanded by the gods to drive the car of the Moon. 
Jotun wolves pursued brother and sister unceasingly, and 
devoured them at Ragnarock. 

MuspELHEiM. — The realm of frames, ruled over by Surtur. The 
stars were sparks from Muspelheim. 

Muspel's Sons. — The flames. 



N. 

Nagelfari. — The death -ship built of dead men's nails. 

Nastrond. — Place of punishment for the wicked after Ragna- 
rock ; in Niflheim. 

NiDHOGG. — Symbol of corruption. Death-dragon gnawing the 
roots of Igdrasilj bore the wicked to Nastrond, 

Niflheim. — Existed from the beginning. Ice-cold j the realm 
ofHela. 

NjoRD. — A vana-god, patron of sailors and fishermen, and rul- 
ing over rains and v/inds. His wife was Skadaj his 
children were Frey and Freya. He was exchanged by the 
Vanir for Hoenir, brother of Odin, according to the Elder 
Edda. 

Night. — Daughter of the Jotun Norve. By Delling, of ^sir 

race, she had a son. Day. Mother and son were placed 

by Al-father in chariots, and forced to drive successively 
round the heavens. 

NoRNiR (singular, Norna). — The Fates Goddesses of Time. 
Represented as three sisters, dwelling at the Urdar-fount, 
from which they daily watered Igdrasil. Odm himself was 
forced to seek counsel from them, and obey their decrees. 



154 INDLX OF NOTES. 



O. 



Odin. — Son of Bor, by Bestla of Hrymthursar race. The high- 
est of the ^Esir-Trinity5 from him sprang the other gods in 
Valhalla. Spirit and essence of the universe. His wives 
were Jord, (Fjorgyn) Friga and Rindus, personifications of 
Earth. In Ragnarock he was destroyed by Fenrir. Wed- 
nesday bears his name. 

Odin's Eye (the Spirit — The Sun. Left in pledge at Mimir's 
Well, symbolizing the sinking of the sun at night into the 
ocean 5 also, the Eye of Heaven, penetrating the depths of 
Earth. The Spirit seeking out the treasures of memory. 

Odin's Ravens. — Huginn ;mind) and Muninn (memory). Daily 
bringing him news from all parts of the Earth. 



R. 

Ragnarock. — Destruction of Earth and death of the gods. 
The final confiict between good and evil powers. 

Ran, or Rana. — Wife of -.Egir. Evil and malicious j in her 
net she caught unwary sailors. 

Regeneration. — Corresponded to the Christian Resurrection. 
When the High and Mighty One held rule. 

Rindus. — Personification of winter earth. One of Odin's wives. 

Rota. — One of the Valkyriar. , 

Runes. — Letters of the old Northern alphabet, supposed to have 
magical properties. 



Saga. — Goddess of history, dwelling at Sokvabek. Saga, a 
tale, derives its name from her. 

Serpent. — Jormungandur, son of Loki. 

Shield-graven Blooms. — The Norsemen decorated the edges ot 
their shields with graven wreaths. 

SiF. — Golden-haired wife of Thor, personification of autumn 
earth covered with harvests. 



INDEX OF NOTES. 155 

SiGYN. — Wife of Loki. In his punishment, she held a basin 
wherein to catch the venom drops otherwise falling on his 
face. 

Skada. — Wife ot Njord, and daughter of Thiassi. 

Skalds. — The bards of the North. 

Skinfaxi. — Steed of Day. From his mane, light radiated. 

Skirnir. — Messenger of Frey. 

Skoal. — Signifies " hail," an expression of greeting. 

Skuld. — The Noma of the Future 5 one of the Valkyriar. 

Sleipnir. — Foal by Svadilfari of Loki disguised as a mare j 
with eight legs, and of wonderful swiftness j he became the 
steed of Odin. 

SoKVABEK. — The flowing well, where was the hall of Saga. 

Sons of ^gir. — Hail and rain personified. 

SuRTUR. — The god of fire, guarder of Muspelheim. In Ragna- 
rock, he destroyed Earth with his flames. 

Svadilfari.— Horse of the Jotun architect j sire of Sleipnir. 

T. 

Thiassi. — Giant father of Skada. For him Loki stole Iduna. 
He was slain by Thor. 

Thokt (Darkness). — Loki, disguised as a giantess, prevented 
Baldur's ransom. 

Thor. — The northern Jupiter j the thunder-god, son of Odin 
by Fjorgyn, and next in rank to his father. Fell in Rag- 
narock, poisoned by the Serpent's breath. Represented as 
young and handsome, with flame-flashing eyes, bent brows 
(the thunder-cloud), and red beard (lightning). Thursday 
was named from him. 

Thund. — The death-river rolling between Asgard and Earth. 
Twilight. — Ragnarock, the fall of the gods. ~^ 



156 INDKX OF NOTES. 

Tyr God of war j son of Odin, by a giantess; keeper of Fen- 

rir, by him rendered cne- handed. Tuesday is named from 
him. 

^ U. 

Urda. — Noma of the Past. 

Utgard. — The capital of Jotunheim. 

V. 

Vala, — The prophetess; roused from her death-sleep by Odin, 
she predicted the death of Baldur, and fall of Asgard. 

Valhalla. --Home of the ^sir, where Odin feasted the Einheriar. 

Valtam. — Fictitious name of Odin's father. 

Vali. — Son of Odin by Rindus ; avenger of his brother Baldur. 
When only one day old, he slew Hodur. Symbol of the 
Summer sun chasing away Winter darkness. 

Valkyriar. — Battle-maidens; choosers of the slain, whom 
they bore on gory shields to Valhalla, where they served 
them at Odin's feast. 

Vans, or Vanir. — Gods ot the air; deities also of the sea. 
They were Njord, Frey and Freya. 

Ve. — Son of Bcir. One of the creating yEsir-Trinity. 

Vegtam. — Name assumed by Odin when seeking the Vala. 

Verdandi. — The Noma of the Present. 

ViDAR. — Son of Odin by the giantess Grid. In Ragnarock he 

avenged Odin, and slew Fenrir. 
Vigrid. — The held of the final battle in Ragnarock. 
ViLi. — Son of Bur, and one of the creating ^sir-Trinity. 
ViNGOLF.— Hall of the goddesses in Asgard. 
Virgin Daughter of the Sea. — Earth, in the Regeneration, 

uprising from the bosom of the ocean. 

Y. 

Ymir (the World Mass). — A giant formed from the melted 
rime-drops in Ginunga, through the quickening power ot 
the Supreme God. He of himself had the Hrimthursar; 
was finally slain by the JE^'ir Trinity, and his sons drowned 
in his blood. From his parts the world was formed. 



